Influence of solution treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V ELI titanium alloy
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摘要: 采用扫描电镜(SEM)和金相显微镜(OM)研究了固溶热处理对Ti6Al4V ELI钛合金显微组织的演变规律，以及显微组织对力学性能的影响关系，结果表明：随着固溶温度的升高，Ti6Al4V ELI钛合金初生αp相含量降低，片层α相厚度和β晶粒尺寸均增加；钛合金强度和塑性均随着固溶温度的升高而降低，在952 ℃固溶后时效，抗拉强度可达915 MPa，延伸率16.8%，断裂韧性仅为84 MPa·m1/2；在997 ℃进行固溶后时效，钛合金抗拉强度降低至861 MPa，延伸率9.6%，断裂韧性达115 MPa·m1/2。在952 ℃进行固溶，Ti6Al4V ELI钛合金为韧性断裂，提高固溶温度后合金呈韧脆混合型断裂。
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关键词:
- Ti6Al4V ELI钛合金 /
- 固溶温度 /
- 显微组织 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope (OM) were employed to investigate the influence of solution treatment on microstructure evolution of Ti6Al4V ELI titanium alloy, and the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties were discussed. The results show that the content of the primary αp phase of Ti6Al4V ELI titanium alloy decreases, and the thickness of lamellar α phase and β grain size increase with the increase of solution treatment temperature. The strength and plasticity of Ti6Al4V ELI titanium alloy decrease with the increase of solution temperature. When the solution treatment is 952 ℃, the tensile strength, elongation and fracture toughness values of Ti6Al4V ELI titanium alloy are 915 MPa, 16.8% and 84 MPa·m1/2, respectively. At the solution treatment up to 997℃, the tensile strength and elongation values decrease to 861 MPa and 9.4%, respectively, but the fracture toughness increases to 115 MPa·m1/2. It shows a ductile fracture with solution treatment at 952 ℃ while ductile-brittle mixed fracture as the temperature increases. -
图 2 不同固溶温度条件下Ti6Al4V ELI钛合金显微组织
Figure 2. Microstructure of Ti6Al4V ELI titanium alloy at various solution treatment temperatures
(a) 952 ℃；(b) 967 ℃；(c) 997 ℃；(d) 1 012 ℃
图 3 不同热处理条件下Ti6Al4 V ELI钛合金室温拉伸断口形貌
Figure 3. Tensile fracture morphology of Ti6Al4V ELI titanium alloy at various solution treatments
(a) 952 ℃；(b) 967 ℃；(c) 997 ℃；(d) 1 012 ℃
表 1 Ti6Al4V ELI钛合金棒材化学成分
Table 1. Chemical compositions of Ti6Al4V ELI alloy
% 合金 Ti Al V Fe C H O N 棒材 Bal. 6.21 4.25 0.06 0.009 0.001 0.09 0.006 Ti6Al4V ELI Bal. 5.6~6.3 3.6~4.4 ≤0.25 ≤0.05 ≤0.125 ≤0.13 ≤0.03 
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表 2 不同固溶温度条件下Ti6Al4V ELI钛合金显微组织参数
Table 2. Microstructure parameters of Ti6Al4V ELI titanium alloy at various solution treatment temperatures
编号 初生αp相
含量/%片层
α相平均尺寸/μmβ相晶粒平均
尺寸/μmⅠ 30 2.8 Ⅱ 10 4.8 75 Ⅲ 5.5 138 Ⅳ 5.7 215
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表 3 Ti6Al4 V ELI钛合金在不同热处理制度下的室温力学性能
Table 3. Tensile and fracture toughness of Ti6Al4V ELI titanium alloy at various solution treatments
编号 Rm/MPa Rp0.2/MPa A/% Z/% KIC/(MPa·m1/2) Ⅰ 915 846 16.8 45 84 Ⅱ 875 801 11.2 26 91 Ⅲ 861 792 9.6 19 115 Ⅳ 843 775 8.2 16 103
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