Abstract: The principle of world-wide universal rolling technology,plant layout,pass design and their effects on the dimensional accuracy of heavy rail section are reviewed.An investigation is conducted on the inherent problems of traditional rail and beam mills and the primary causes of rail dimensional variation,It is proposed that the current use of universal rolling technology is a method to improve heavy rail rolling tolerance. The suggestions are put forward for Panzhihua I. & S. Co.to adopt this technology.