摘要:
目前，钒渣经钠化焙烧—水浸后用于提钒的钒液浓度不高，会产生大量的含V5+，Cr6+，NH4+，SO42-，Na+等有毒废液，使得后处理成本增加，加大了环境污染的风险。以普通钒液为研究对象，通过提高钒液中钒的浓度来研究高浓度钒液酸性铵盐沉钒的可行性，同时考察了加铵系数K，一次加酸pH1，沉钒温度T，和二次加酸pH2对高浓度钒液中钒的回收率及产品品位的影响，采用X射线荧光分析（XRF）和原子发射光谱仪（ICP）分析了提钒前后钒液中钒浓度、产品品位以及产品中杂质的含量。研究结果表明：高浓度钒液制备五氧化二钒是可行的，当钒液浓度为60 g/L，加铵系数K为2，一次加酸pH1为5.0，沉钒温度T为90℃，二次加酸pH2为2.0，钒的回收率最高，可达99.83%，经处理后的产品五氧化二钒的纯度为99.99%，符合V2O599级标准（YB/T5304—2011）。为工业化低污染、高效处理钒液提供了研究基础。
Abstract:
Currently,the vanadium solution used for vanadium extraction,coming from the integrate process of sodium roasting and then water leaching of vanadium slag,has relatively lower vanadium concentration.It will produce a large amount of toxic waste water containing V5+,Cr6+,NH4+,SO42- and Na+ etc,which increases the cost of post-treatment and the risk of environmental pollution.In this paper,the feasibility of acidic precipitation of vanadium from high concentration of vanadium solution by ammonium salt was studied using ordinary vanadium solution with the concentration of vanadium increased as raw material.And the effects of ammonium addition coefficient(K),acid addition for the first time(pH1),vanadium precipitation temperature(T),and acid addition for the second time(pH2) on the recovery rate of vanadium and products grade were investigated.Moreover,XRF and ICP were used to analyze the vanadium concentration in solutions before and after vanadium extraction,grade and impurities content of products.The results show that the preparation of vanadium pentoxide from high concentration of vanadium solution is feasible.The optimum recovery rate of vanadium up to 99.83% can be obtained at 60 g/L of vanadium concentration,K=2,pH1=5.0,T=90℃ and pH2=2.0,with V2O5 purity of 99.99% which meets the standard of YB/T5304-2011.This study also provides a research basis for the industrial treatment of vanadium solution with low pollution and high efficiency.
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