Abstract: The types,production process and development status of high speed steel are summarized.The effects of ESR process,hot processing deformation process,heat treatment process,cryogenic treatment and modification treatment on the carbides in high speed steel production,which are mainly based on smelting technology,are reviewed based on the research status at home and abroad.By summing up the key factors of carbide control in melting high speed steel,it is proposed to reduce the melting speed of ESR appropriately,strictly control the heating temperature and holding time of forging and rolling,optimize the heating temperature range and cooling mode of heat treatment,and add the deep cooling process and modifier in the traditional process to effectively control the large-scale carbide in steel,which will lay a foundation for the production of high-quality and high-performance high-speed steel.