Magnetic separation and enrichment method of ultrafine-grained vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite in Panxi region
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摘要: 攀西地区钒钛磁铁矿中钛铁矿的回收普遍采用“强磁-浮选”作为原则工艺，此选钛工艺技术较为成熟、有一定的适应性，但−38 μm微细粒级钛铁矿尚未实现有效回收，大量的−38 μm粒级物料作为矿泥直接丢弃，造成选钛厂总回收率低、资源严重浪费。为提高钛铁矿的回收率，采用新型ZQS高梯度磁选机，探索了攀钢本部矿样、秀水河矿样、红格矿样三种细粒级试样的磁选富集效果，试验证明新型ZQS高梯度磁选机能高效回收超细粒级钛铁矿，精矿TiO2品位和回收率均较高，三种矿样的−0.038~0.019 mm粒级经一次磁选回收率分别达到了86.80%、82.26%、77.78%。此磁选技术工艺简单，具有良好的工业应用前景。Abstract: The recovery of ilmenite from vanadium titanomagnetite in Panxi area generally adopts “high-intensity magnetic flotation” as the principle process. This process technology is relatively mature and has certain adaptability, but the −38 μm fine ilmenite has not been effectively recovered, and a large number of −38 μm particles are directly discarded as slime, resulting in low total recovery rate and serious waste of resources. In order to improve the recovery rate of ilmenite, this paper explores the effect of magnetic separation and enrichment of three fine-grained samples of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd., Xiushui ore and Hongge ore. The test results show that the new ZQS high-gradient magnetic separator can efficiently recover ultrafine ilmenite; the grade and recovery rate of concentrate TiO2 are relatively high (86.80%, 82.26% and 77.78%, respectively, for the −0.038 to 0.019 mm grain grade). The magnetic separation technology is simple and shows a good perspective for industrial application.
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图 1 ZQS高梯度磁选机结构示意
1—进浆管道;2—给水管道;3—振动装置;4—上磁极;5—激磁线圈;6—聚磁介质;7—下磁极;8—机架;9—回流管道;10—回浆管道;11—磁性物管道;12—非磁性物管道;13－溢流管道
Figure 1. Structural schematic diagram of ZQS high-gradient magnetic separator
表 1 原矿粒度组成
Table 1. Granularity composition of raw ore
粒级/mm 产率/% TiO2品位/% TiO2分布率/% 负累计分布/% +0.074 1.54 2.08 0.27 100.00 −0.074～+0.045 3.89 4.95 1.68 99.72 −0.045～+0.038 5.66 8.41 4.15 98.04 −0.038～+0.019 64.36 13.05 73.23 93.89 −0.019 24.73 9.66 20.67 27.79 合计 100 11.47 100 
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表 2 激磁电流条件试验结果
Table 2. Experimental results under excited magnetic current conditions
激磁电流/A 精矿 尾矿品位/% 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% 600 36.02 21.22 66.65 5.98 700 43.75 20.42 77.88 4.51 800 47.47 20.19 83.56 3.59 900 53.35 18.64 86.70 3.27
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表 3 磁选精矿的粒度组成
Table 3. Particle size composition of magnetic concentrate
粒级/mm 产率/% TiO2品位/% TiO2金属分布率/% TiO2粒级回收率/% +0.074 1.25 3.73 0.23 68.21 −0.074～+0.045 4.38 6.45 1.40 69.65 −0.045～+0.038 6.75 11.66 3.90 78.49 −0.038～+0.019 63.62 24.14 76.07 86.80 −0.019 24.00 15.48 18.40 74.42 合计 100.00 20.19 100.00 83.56
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表 4 原矿粒度组成
Table 4. Granularity composition of raw ore
粒级/mm 产率/% TiO2品位/% TiO2分布率/% 负累计分布/% +0.074 12.69 6.34 9.25 100.00 −0.074～+0.045 15.80 7.08 12.86 90.75 −0.045～+0.038 13.40 7.74 11.92 77.90 −0.038～+0.019 37.80 10.86 47.18 65.97 −0.019 20.31 8.05 18.79 18.79 合计 100.00 8.70 100.00
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表 5 激磁电流条件试验结果
Table 5. Experimental results under excited magnetic current conditions
激磁电流/A 精矿 尾矿品位/% 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% 600 36.32 16.82 70.22 4.07 700 38.17 16.52 72.48 3.87 800 40.32 16.28 75.45 3.58 900 42.55 15.71 76.82 3.51
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表 6 磁选精矿的粒度组成
Table 6. Particle size composition of magnetic concentrate
粒级/mm 产率/% TiO2品位/% TiO2金属分布率/% TiO2粒级回收率/% +0.074 11.68 10.69 7.67 62.57 −0.074～+0.045 14.88 11.97 10.94 64.20 −0.045～+0.038 13.75 12.56 10.61 67.14 −0.038～+0.019 39.71 21.09 51.44 82.26 −0.019 19.98 15.76 19.34 77.65 合计 100.00 16.28 100.00 75.45
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表 7 铁、钛矿物物相分析
Table 7. Phase composition of iron and titanium minerals
铁物相 含量/% 占比/% 钛物相 含量/% 占比/% 磁性铁 14.07 72.49 钛磁性铁 1.54 18.85 赤褐铁矿 3.85 19.84 钛铁矿 5.62 68.79 硅酸铁 1.49 7.67 含钛硅酸盐 1.01 12.36 合计 19.41 100.00 合计 8.17 100.00
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表 8 选钛给矿粒度组成
Table 8. Particle size composition of titanium ore feed
粒级/mm 产率/% TiO2品位/% TiO2分布率/% 负累计分布/% +0.074 19.81 4.73 13.44 100.00 −0.074～+0.045 14.80 5.88 12.48 86.56 −0.045～+0.038 20.24 6.04 17.53 74.08 −0.038～+0.019 26.38 10.26 38.81 56.55 −0.019 18.77 6.59 17.74 17.74 合计 100 6.97 100
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表 9 激磁电流条件试验结果
Table 9. Experimental results under excited magnetic current conditions
激磁电流/A 精矿 尾矿品位/% 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% 600 27.78 16.93 67.48 3.14 700 29.32 16.71 70.29 2.93 800 31.13 16.46 73.52 2.68 900 32.56 15.94 74.46 2.64
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表 10 磁选精矿的粒度组成
Table 10. Particle size composition of magnetic concentrate
粒级/mm 产率/% TiO2品位/% TiO2金属分布率/% TiO2粒级回收率/% +0.074 17.58 9.66 10.31 56.42 −0.074～+0.045 13.31 11.03 8.92 52.52 −0.045～+0.038 23.75 14.68 21.18 88.78 −0.038～+0.019 28.39 23.82 41.07 77.78 −0.019 16.97 17.97 18.52 75.75 合计 100.00 16.46 100.00 73.50
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