Synthesis of anatase TiO2 nanorods with special exposed surface in a novel solvothermal system
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摘要: 以四丁基氢氧化铵（TBAH）为形貌控制剂，采用一种新的无氟溶剂热反应体系，实现了特定晶面的可控合成，制备出了锐钛矿型TiO2单晶纳米棒材料。所获得的TiO2纳米棒主要由表面的{010}小平面控制。用该纳米棒制成的染料敏化电池(DSSCs)的短路电流密度Jsc约为10.9 mA/cm2，开路电压Voc约为0.74 V，光电功率转换效率约为5.75%；比用商业P25型 TiO2制成的DSSCs具有更为优异的电池性能，电池的短路电流密度、填充因子、功率转换效率分别提高了2.83%、10.94%和10.58%。在材料表征的基础上，对其形成机理进行了初步的探讨。
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关键词:
- 锐钛矿TiO2纳米棒 /
- 晶面 /
- 燃料敏化电池 /
- 功率转换效率
Abstract: Through a novel solvothermal method, single-crystalline anatase TiO2 nanorods were prepared using tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAH) as the morphology controlling agent. The obtained TiO2 nanorods are dominated by a large percentage of {010} facets on the surface. The short-circuit current density Jsc of the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) made of the TiO2 nanorods is about 10.9 mA/cm2, with the open circuit voltage Voc and photoelectric conversion efficiency at 0.74 V and 5.75%, respectively. Compared with DSSCs made of commercial P25 TiO2, the short-circuit current density, fill factor, and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell made of the TiO2 nanorods are increased by 2.83%, 10.94% and 10.58%, respectively. On basis of the material characterizations, the formation mechanisms were discussed preliminarily.-
Key words:
- anatase TiO2 nanorods /
- facet /
- dye-sensitized solar cell /
- power conversion efficiency
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图 1 新型溶剂热合成法制备的TiO2纳米棒SEM形貌
Figure 1. SEM images of TiO2 nanorods prepared by new hydrothermal synthesis
图 2 单晶纳米TiO2棒的(a) TEM和(b) HRTEM形貌（插图为傅立叶变换（FFT）图和结构示意）
Figure 2. (a) TEM and (b) HRTEM images of single-crystal nano-TiO2 rods (the insets are Fourier transform (FFT) diagrams and structural schematics)
图 3 (a) TiO2纳米棒的XRD图谱；(b)锐钛矿TiO2的标准XRD图谱
Figure 3. (a) XRD pattern of TiO2 nanorods; (b) Standard XRD pattern of anatase TiO2
图 4 TiO2纳米棒和P25型TiO2分别制成的DSSCs的光伏曲线
Figure 4. Photovoltaic performance of DSSC prepared with the TiO2 nanorods and P25 TiO2
表 1 由P25 TiO2和TiO2纳米棒制成的DSSC的电池参数
Table 1. DSSC parameters of battery respectively made of P25 TiO2 and TiO2 nanorods
样品 Voc/V Jsc/(mA· cm−2) FF η/% P25 TiO2 0.77 10.6 0.64 5.20 TiO2纳米棒 0.74 10.9 0.71 5.75 
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