生物炭还原五价钒的行为研究

彭浩; 伍锡斌; 郑雄攀; 郭静; 黄辉胜; 李兵

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2021.04.003

生物炭还原五价钒的行为研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2021.04.003

1.
长江师范学院化学化工学院，重庆 408100
2.
重庆环科源博达环保科技有限公司，重庆 401147

基金项目: 重庆市教委科学技术研究（青年）项目（No.KJQN201901403）；重庆市基础与前沿研究（一般）项目（No.cstc2018jcyjAX0018）

详细信息

作者简介:
彭浩（1990−），男，博士，副教授，通讯作者，研究方向为化工过程强化，绿色资源化工，E-mail：cqupenghao@126.com

中图分类号: TF841.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-08
- 刊出日期: 2021-08-10

Reduction behaviors of pentavalent vanadium with biochar

1.
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, China
2.
Boda Environmental Sci-Tech Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401147, China

摘要

摘要: 针对钒化合物随价态升高毒性增加，且其对环境造成的危害也增大的现状，研究采用生物炭对其进行还原实现无害化处置。试验研究了生物炭用量、反应温度、硫酸浓度、反应时间等反应参数对钒还原率的影响。结果表明：五价钒在酸性条件下主要以VO₂⁺、H₃V₁₀O₂₈³⁻和H₂VO₄⁻的形式存在，在短时间内可以被生物炭还原成低价。在合适的反应条件下，即：钒的初始浓度为3 g/L，生物炭用量为3 g，反应温度为90 ℃，反应时间为60 min，硫酸浓度为20 g/L和搅拌转速为500 r/min，钒的还原率可达92.14%。在生物炭将五价钒还原的过程中不会引入其他杂质，该方法进行技术改良后在实现五价钒无害化的同时还可以用来制备低价钒化合物。
- 钒 /
- 生物炭 /
- 还原 /
- 热力学
Abstract: As the toxicity of vanadium increases with increase of the valence and it causes increasing threaten to the environment, biochar was introduced to do harmless treatment for high-valence vanadium. The effects of dosage of biochar, reaction temperature, concentration of H₂SO₄ and reaction time on the reduction efficiency of vanadium were investigated. The results indicate that pentavalent vanadium is mainly in the form of VO₂⁺, H₃V₁₀O₂₈³⁻ and H₂VO₄⁻, and it can be reduced quickly with biochar in acidic medium. The reduction efficiency of vanadium up to 92.14% can be obtained at the following optimal conditions: initial vanadium concentration of 3 g/L, biochar dosage of 3 g, reaction temperature of 90 ℃, reaction time of 60 min, H₂SO₄ concentration of 20 g/L and stirring rate of 500 r/min. During the reduction process, no impurities are introduced. Thus the technology can be applied to harmless treatment of vanadium and also has a great potential for production of low-valence vanadium compounds.
- vanadium /
- biochar /
- reduction /
- thermodynamics

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图 1 五价钒还原过程中主要反应$\Delta G - T$关系

Figure 1. Relationship between ΔG and T during the reduction process of vanadium

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图 2 五价钒的存在形态

Figure 2. Existence forms of pentavalent vanadium in the solution

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图 3 生物炭用量对钒还原率的影响

Figure 3. Effect of biochar dosage on the reduction efficiency of vanadium

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图 4 硫酸浓度对钒还原率的影响

Figure 4. Effect of the concentration of H₂SO₄ on the reduction efficiency of vanadium

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图 5 反应温度对钒铬浸出率的影响

Figure 5. Effect of reaction temperature on the reduction efficiency of vanadium

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图 6 反应时间对钒还原率的影响

Figure 6. Effect of reaction time on the reduction efficiency of vanadium

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