Research on microwave enhanced direct reduction of vanadium titano-magnetite
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摘要: 以钒钛磁铁精矿为原料，直接还原工艺为基础，系统比较了不同加热方式对还原过程的影响。结果表明：与传统加热相比，微波加热能加快钒钛磁铁矿还原反应的进行，并且随温度升高效果越显著，在1350℃时铁金属化率可达到91.91%，提高了5.32个百分点；微波加热不会改变还原产物的物相组成，但使还原产物结构致密，气孔减少，晶粒粗大且分布均匀，脉石与金属铁嵌布紧密程度降低，相互之间夹杂的现象减少，有利于后续磨矿磁选过程中金属铁与脉石相的分离；另外，微波加热可以明显去除还原产物中P元素，而对于S元素的去除效果不显著，在1350℃时传统加热获得的产物中P含量为0.077%，S含量为0.29%，微波加热获得的产物中P含量为0.038%，S含量为0.28%。Abstract: In this paper, the vanadium titano-magnetite concentrate was used as the raw material, and the influence of different heating methods on the reduction process was systematically compared based on the direct reduction process. The results show that compared with traditional heating, microwave heating can accelerate the reduction reaction of vanadium titano-magnetite, and the effect is more significant with the increase of temperature. At 1 350 ℃, the metallization rate of iron can reach 91.91%, increased by 5.32%. Microwave heating does not change the phase composition of the reduction product, but make the reduction product structure compact, less pores, coarse grains and uniform distribution. In addition, microwave heating can obviously remove the P element in the reduction product, but the removal effect of the S element is not significant. When heating temperature is 1350℃, P and S contents in resulted product for tranditional process are 0.077% and 0.29%, respectively, while for microwave process those values are 0.038% and 0.28%, respectively.
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Key words:
- vanadium titano-magnetite /
- direct reduction /
- microwave heating /
- metallization rate
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图 2 微波还原的还原产物宏观形貌
Figure 2. Macro-morphology of reduction products in microwave reduction
图 3 不同加热方式下1300 ℃还原30 min的还原产物XRD图谱
Figure 3. XRD patterns of reduction products reduced at 1 300 ℃ for 30 min under different heating methods
图 4 不同加热方式的还原产物的SEM照片
Figure 4. SEM images of reduction products under different heating methods
表 1 钒钛磁铁精矿的主要化学成分
Table 1. Main chemical components of vanadium titano-magnetite ore concentrate
% TFe FeO TiO2 SiO2 Al2O3 MgO CaO V2O5 P S 58.61 27.63 7.01 3.2 3.0 1.35 0.92 0.291 0.028 0.19 
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表 2 无烟煤的工业分析
Table 2. Industry analysis results of anthracite
固定碳/
%挥发份/
%灰分/
%S/
%弹筒发热量/
（MJ·kg−1)82.49 9.20 8.78 0.30 28.35
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表 3 不同加热方式还原产物的S、P含量
Table 3. S and P contents of reduction products under different heating methods
温度/℃ w(S)/% w(P)/% 传统加热 微波加热 传统加热 微波加热 1100 0.24 0.31 0.10 0.027 1150 0.24 0.32 0.11 0.035 1200 0.28 0.35 0.095 0.041 1250 0.32 0.30 0.081 0.024 1300 0.32 0.29 0.090 0.032 1350 0.29 0.28 0.077 0.038
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