电渣重熔对GCr15轴承钢中氧含量及夹杂物的影响

常凯华; 徐涛; 朱春丽; 张龙飞; 苏云龙; 施晓芳; 常立忠

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2021.04.029

电渣重熔对GCr15轴承钢中氧含量及夹杂物的影响

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2021.04.029

1.
安徽工业大学冶金工程学院，安徽马鞍山 243002
2.
安徽富凯特材有限公司，安徽绩溪 245300

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助（51974002/52074002）；工业强基资助项目（TC190A4DA-35）

详细信息

作者简介:
常凯华（1995−），男，安徽阜阳人，硕士生，研究方向特殊钢冶金

通讯作者:
施晓芳（1978−），女，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为特殊钢冶金，E-mail：shixiaofang602@163.com

中图分类号: TF76, TG115
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-01-04
- 刊出日期: 2021-08-10

Effect of ESR on oxygen content and inclusions in GCr15 bearing steel

1.
School of Metallurgy Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243002, Anhui,China
2.
Anhui Fukai Special Material Co., Ltd., Jixi 245300, Anhui,China

摘要

摘要: 电渣重熔对于提高钢的纯净度有明显的效果，但对于低氧含量钢种存在增氧现象。通过采用GCr15轴承钢作为自耗电极，研究在大气环境下和Ar保护下使用不同渣系对轴承钢中氧含量及夹杂物的变化规律。研究发现，采用CaF₂-Al₂O₃-CaO三元渣系在氩气保护下电渣重熔GCr15轴承钢时，电渣锭中的氧含量随渣系中的Al₂O₃含量下降而降低，而使用不含Al₂O₃渣系重熔的电渣锭中氧含量最低；氩气保护下重熔的电渣锭中的夹杂物直径均比使用同种渣系在空气中重熔的电渣锭要小。氧含量增加主要是因为电渣重熔过程渣池温度过高，导致渣中Al₂O₃稳定性变差所致。
- 电渣重熔 /
- GCr15轴承钢 /
- 氧 /
- 夹杂物
Abstract: Electroslag remelting has a positive effect on improving the purity of steel, but it will increase oxygen for low oxygen content steel. In this paper, GCr15 bearing steel was used as consumable electrode to study the variation of oxygen content and inclusions in bearing steel with different slag systems under atmospheric environment and Ar protection. It is found out that the oxygen content in ESR ingot decreases with the decrease of the alumina content in the slag system when the CaF₂-Al₂O₃-CaO ternary slag system is used for ESR of GCr15 bearing steel under the protection of argon, while the oxygen content in ESR ingot remelted with the slag system without Al₂O₃ is the lowest. The diameter of inclusions in ESR ingot remelted under the protection of argon is smaller than that of steel remelted with the same slag system in air. The increase of oxygen content is mainly due to the high temperature of slag pool during ESR, which leads to the poor stability of Al₂O₃ in slag.
- electroslag remelting /
- GCr15 bearing steel /
- oxygen /
- inclusion

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图 1 电渣重熔设备示意

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of electroslag remelting equipment

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图 2 试验取样检测示意

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of experimental sampling

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图 3 电渣重熔前后氧氮含量的变化

Figure 3. Variation of TO and TN content before and after ESR

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图 4 电渣重熔前后不同直径夹杂物分布变化

Figure 4. Variation of inclusion distribution before and after ESR

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图 5 电极中夹杂物种类及数量分布

Figure 5. Distribution of type and quantity of inclusions in electrode

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图 6 电极中的典型夹杂物

Figure 6. Typical inclusions in electrodes

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图 7 电渣重熔后夹杂物的种类分布变化

Figure 7. Distribution of different types of inclusions after ESR

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图 8 Ar保护下电渣重熔氧含量的变化

Figure 8. Variation of oxygen content in ESR under Ar protection

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图 9 Ar保护下电渣锭中夹杂物直径的变化

Figure 9. Variation of inclusion diameter in ESR ingot under Ar protection

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图 10 电渣重熔后电渣锭夹杂物种类及数量

Figure 10. Types and number of inclusions in ESR ingot under Ar protection

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图 11 方案8重熔后电渣锭中典型夹杂物形貌及成分分布

Figure 11. Morphology and composition distribution of typical inclusions in ESR ingot after remelting under scheme 8

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图 12 重熔前后电极氧化情况

Figure 12. Electrode oxidation before and after remelting

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图 13 不同温度下的Al-O平衡关系

Figure 13. Al-O equilibrium diagram at different temperatures

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表 1 GCr15轴承钢主要化学成分

Table 1. Main chemical compositions of GCr15 bearing steel %

C	Si	Mn	Cr	Al	P	S	O	N
0.99	0.21	0.35	1.47	0.02	0.009	0.001	0.00075	0.0039

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表 2 试验用渣系化学成分及试验方案

Table 2. Chemical compositions and experimental scheme of experimental slag system

研究方案	渣系	成分	气氛
1	S1	70%CaF₂+30%Al₂O₃	大气
2	S2	65% CaF₂+25% Al₂O₃+10%CaO	大气
3	S3	60% CaF₂+20%Al₂O₃+20%CaO	大气
4	S4	60% CaF₂+15%Al₂O₃+25%CaO	大气
5	S5	70% CaF₂+30%CaO	大气
6	S1	70%CaF₂+30%Al₂O₃	Ar
7	S3	60%CaF₂+20%Al₂O₃+20%CaO	Ar
8	S5	70%CaF₂+30%CaO	Ar

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