Study on temperature field of titanium slab heating process based on walking-beam-type furnace
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摘要: 基于某钢厂的蓄热室步进式加热炉，以炉内的TA1钛坯为研究对象，建立传热的数学模型和加热过程的有限元模型，开展钛坯在炉内加热过程中的温度分布研究。研究炉膛温度和钛坯入炉温度对钛坯加热过程中最大断面温差的影响，以及预热段温度和一加热段温度对满足出炉要求钛坯芯部温度的加热时间影响。结果表明：钛坯经过预热段和加热段加热时，其最高温度一直位于端面角部，最低温度位于钛坯芯部，而经过均热段后，角部温度最低。预热段温度每升高5 ℃，最大断面温差增加1～2 ℃，钛坯入炉温度每升高50 ℃，最大断面温差减小3～8 ℃；预热段温度每升高10 ℃，芯部温度满足出炉要求的时间减少1～2 min，一加热段温度每升高10 ℃，芯部温度满足出炉要求的时间减少4～6 min。Abstract: Based on the walking-beam-type reheating furnace in a certain steel plant, the TA1 titanium billet in the furnace was taken as the research object, and the mathematical model of heat transfer and the finite element model of heating process were established to study the temperature distribution of titanium billet in the heating process. The effects of furnace temperature and inlet temperature of titanium billet on the maximum temperature difference of cross section in the heating process of titanium billet were studied, and the effects of preheating zone temperature and heating zone (I) temperature on the heating time to meet the requirement of tapping temperature of titanium billet core were studied. The results show that the maximum temperature of the titanium billet is always at the corner of the end face and the minimum temperature is at the core of the titanium billet when the titanium billet is heated by the preheating zone and the heating zone (I), while the corner temperature is the lowest after the soaking zone. When the preheating temperature increases by 5 ℃, the maximum section temperature difference increases by 1～2 ℃, and when the titanium billet temperature increases by 50 ℃, the maximum section temperature difference decreases by 3～8 ℃. When the temperature of preheating zone increases by 10 ℃, the time for the core to meet the requirement of furnace discharge reduces by 1～2 min. When the temperature of heating zone (I) increases by 10 ℃, the time for the core to meet the requirement of furnace discharge reduces by 4～6 min.
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图 1 TA1导热系数、比热容随温度的变化曲线
Figure 1. Variation of thermal conductivity and specific heat of TA1 with temperature
图 3 加热炉内热交换示意
1-炉气向钢坯辐射；2-炉气向炉墙辐射；3-炉墙向钢坯辐射；4-炉墙向外面辐射；5-炉墙向外对流散热；6-炉气向炉墙对流散热；7-炉气向钢坯对流散热；8-内部传导热
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of heat exchange in heating furnace
图 7 钛坯温度及断面温差随加热时间的变化
Figure 7. Changes of temperature and sectional temperature difference of titanium slab with heating time
图 8 加热过程中钛坯温度分布云图
Figure 8. Temperature distribution cloud diagram of titanium slab during heating
图 9 钛坯计算温度与现场温度对比
Figure 9. Comparison between calculated temperature and field temperature of titanium slab
图 10 钛坯最大断面温差随预热段温度和钛坯初始温度的变化
Figure 10. Variation of maximum temperature difference with preheating zone temperature and initial temperature
图 11 钛坯芯部满足出炉要求时间随炉膛温度的变化
Figure 11. The variation of the time with the furnace temperature when the titanium slab core meets the furnace discharge
表 1 钛坯加热制度
Table 1. Heating system of titanium slab
加热温度/℃ 加热时间/min 预热段 710～780 50±10 加热段一 800～830 70±10 加热段二 850～860 80±10 均热段 850±10 70±10 
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