钒渣与Na<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>焙烧提钒技术的探索

邵胜琦; 岳宏瑞; 曹晓舟; 程功金; 刘建兴; 薛向欣

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2022.01.005

钒渣与Na₂O₂焙烧提钒技术的探索

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2022.01.005

东北大学冶金学院, 辽宁沈阳 110819

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（编号：52104296）。

详细信息

作者简介:
曹晓舟（1979—），男，山东单县人，博士，副教授，主要从事有色资源循环利用等研究，E-mail：caoxz@smm.neu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
岳宏瑞（1989—），男，吉林长岭人，博士，博士后，主要从事冶金资源综合利用，E-mail：yuehongrui@mail.neu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TF841.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-19
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-02-28

Exploration of roasting vanadium extraction from vanadium slag and Na₂O₂

School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shengyang 110819, Liaoning, China

摘要

摘要: 将钒渣与过氧化钠（Na₂O₂）混和，经压块、焙烧、水浸等处理工艺，将钒富集到V₂O₅中。研究了焙烧温度、压块压力、焙烧时间、Na₂O₂加入量、浸出温度等因素对钒浸出率的影响。结果表明，当Na₂O₂与钒渣中V₂O₅的摩尔比在0.5∶1～4∶1、焙烧温度在700～1000 ℃、压块压力在1～25 MPa范围内变化时，钒浸出率均呈现先增大后减小的规律，且当钠钒比（Na₂O₂/V₂O₅）为3∶1、焙烧温度为850 ℃、压块压力为5 MPa时钒浸出率最大，为95.57%。焙烧时间在0.5～2.5 h、浸出温度在60～100 ℃时，钒浸出率出现波动，在焙烧时间为2.5 h、浸出温度为80 ℃时达到最大值。最优试验条件下，钒浸出率为95.57%。同时，使用X射线衍射分析仪和电子探针分析和表征了焙烧熟料中的物相及其分布规律。结果表明，焙烧后熟料中主要的物相有Fe₂O₃，Fe₃O₄，Ca(TiO₃)，Na₃VO₄，Mg_0.165Mn_0.835O等。最后，将熟料加入铵盐再经过沉淀和煅烧处理得到质量分数为96.84%的V₂O₅。
- 提钒 /
- 钒渣 /
- 钠化焙烧 /
- Na₂O₂ /
- 压块 /
- 浸出率
Abstract: Vanadium slag and sodium peroxide (Na₂O₂) were mixed, briquetted, roasted, and leached to rich vanadium into V₂O₅. The effects of roasting temperature, briquetting pressure, roasting time, Na₂O₂ content, and leaching temperature on the vanadium leaching rate were studied. The results showed that the vanadium leaching rate first increased and then decreased as the molar ratio of Na₂O₂ to V₂O₅ increased from 0.5∶1 to 4∶1, the roasting temperature increased from 700 ℃ to 1000 ℃, and the briquetting pressure increased from 1 MPa to 25 MPa. The vanadium leaching rate reached the maximum 95.57% with the Na₂O₂/V₂O₅ of 3∶1, the roasting temperature of 850 ℃, and the pressure of 5 MPa. As for the roasting time in the range of 0.5–2.5 h and the leaching temperature of 60–100 ℃, the vanadium leaching rate fluctuated and reached the maximum at 2.5 h and 80 ℃. Under the optimum conditions, the vanadium leaching rate reached 95.57%. Meanwhile, the phases during roasting were analyzed and characterized by X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis. The results showed that the main phases were Fe₂O₃, Fe₃O₄, Ca(TiO₃), Na₃VO₄, Mg_0.165Mn_0.835O. Finally, ammonium salt was added into the leaching solution containing vanadium, and 96.84% V₂O₅ was obtained through precipitation and calcining process.
- extraction of vanadium /
- vanadium slag /
- sodiumization roasting /
- Na₂O₂ /
- briquetting /
- leaching rate

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图 1 钠化焙烧-水浸提钒工艺流程

Figure 1. Process flow chart of vanadium extraction by sodium roasting-water leaching

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图 2 钠钒比对V浸出率的影响

Figure 2. Effect of sodium vanadium ratio on vanadium leaching rate

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图 3 焙烧温度对V浸出率的影响

Figure 3. Effect of roasting temperature on vanadium leaching rate

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图 4 700 ～1000 ℃下焙烧所得熟料XRD图谱

Figure 4. XRD spectrum of clinker calcined at 700～1000 ℃

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图 5 焙烧时间对V浸出率的影响

Figure 5. Effect of roasting time on vanadium leaching rate

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图 6 压片压力对V浸出率的影响

Figure 6. Effect of tablet pressing pressure on vanadium leaching rate

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图 7 所有压力的电子探针对比

Figure 7. Electron probe comparison of all pressures

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图 8 5 MPa-熟料的电子探针分析

Figure 8. EPMA analysis of 5 MPa-clinker

(a) O; (b) Fe; (c) Na; (d) V; (e) Ti; (f) Mg; (g) Mn; (h) Si; (i) Ca

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图 9 浸出温度对钒浸出率的影响

Figure 9. Effect of leaching temperature on vanadium leaching rate

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图 10 最优条件下制备的浸出液以及提取出的V₂O₅

Figure 10. Leaching solution prepared under optimal conditions and extracted V₂O₅

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表 1 钒渣的主要化学成分

Table 1. Main chemical compositions of V-slag %

Fe₂O₃ SiO₂ MnO TiO₂ V₂O₅ MgO Al₂O₃ CaO Cr₂O₃

43.49 14.62 10.84 10.27 8.387 3.00 2.68 2.58 2.41

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表 2 V-slag的XRF检测成分

Table 2. XRF detection components of V-slag %

Fe₂O₃ SiO₂ V₂O₅ Al₂O₃ CaO P₂O₅

0.3559 2.5780 96.8448 0.1419 0.0453 0.0342

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