Study on preparation of silicon vanadium alloy by direct smelting of corundum slag with low vanadium content
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摘要: 刚玉渣是采用铝热法冶炼50或80钒铁过程中产生的固体废渣，为了提高含钒刚玉渣的利用价值，试验以刚玉渣、硅铁、石灰石、碳化钙和碳酸钠为主要原料，采用电炉熔炼制备硅钒合金。选择石灰石作为造渣剂，研究了石灰石添加量对渣的物相和钒收率的影响，结果表明：终渣中CaO含量为22%时，钒的回收率可以达到96.5%；选择硅铁作为还原剂，当配硅系数增加到105%时，钒的回收率增加到最大值96.2%；选择碳化钙作脱磷剂，CaC2添加量达3.5%时，脱磷率增加到最大值72%；采用CaO+2%Na2CO3组合进行脱硫，渣中CaO含量由16%增加到22%时，脱硫率由70%增加到86%。Abstract: Corundum slag is a solid waste produced in smelting 50 or 80 vanadium iron by thermite process. In order to improve the utilization value of corundum slag, the primary raw materials in this investigation were corundum slag, ferrosilicate, limestone, calcium carbide and sodium carbonate, respectively. Moreover, the silicon-vanadium alloy was prepared by electric furnace smelting. Limestone was selected as a slag-forming agent to investigate the effect of the addition amount of limestone on the slag phase and the yield of vanadium. The results show that the recovery rate of vanadium can reach 96.5% when the content of CaO in the final slag is 22%. The yield of vanadium increases to the maximum of 96.2% when the silicon blending coefficient increases to 105% under ferrosilicon are selected as reducing agent condition. Moreover, the dephosphorization rate increases to the maximum of 72% when the addition amount of CaC2 reaches 3.5% under calcium carbide is selected as a dephosphorization agent condition. In addition, the desulfurization rate increases from 70% to 86% when the CaO content in the slag increases from 16% to 22% by using CaO+2%Na2CO3.
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Key words:
- corundum slag /
- silicon vanadium alloy /
- recovery rate of vanadium /
- slag making /
- dephosphorization /
- desulfurization
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图 3 刚玉渣和添加22%CaO渣样的XRD谱
Figure 3. XRD patterns of corundum slag and sample with 22%CaO slag
图 4 刚玉渣和添加22%CaO渣样的SEM显微组织形貌
Figure 4. SEM microstructure images of corundum slag and sample with 22%CaO slag
图 5 渣中CaO含量与钒收率的关系
Figure 5. Relationship between CaO content in slag and vanadium recovery rate
图 6 CaC2添加量与脱磷率的关系
Figure 6. Relationship between CaC2 addition and dephosphorization rate
图 7 渣中脱硫剂含量与脱硫率的关系
Figure 7. Relationship between content of desulfurizer in slag and desulfurization rate
表 1 刚玉渣的主要化学成分
Table 1. Main chemical compositions of corundum slag
% MgO SiO2 CaO Al2O3 Fe2O3 TV 14.64 0.92 12.57 63.15 0.56 1.40 
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表 2 石灰石的主要化学成分
Table 2. Main chemical compositions of limestone
% MgO SiO2 CaO S 0.85 1.35 52.35 0.015
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表 3 硅铁的主要化学成分
Table 3. Main chemical compositions of ferrosilicon
% Si Al Ca Mn C P S 95 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.03 0.02
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