Process parameter optimization of 1725/WC composite coating on cast iron surface by laser cladding
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摘要: 采用激光熔覆技术在铸铁表面制备了1725/WC复合涂层，利用正交试验考察了激光功率、扫描速度及送粉率等因素对熔覆层稀释率和硬度的影响。结果表明：各因素对熔覆层稀释率影响的主次顺序为激光功率＞送粉率＞扫描速度。对熔覆层表面显微硬度影响的主次顺序为送粉率＞激光功率＞扫描速度。最优工艺参数为激光功率2 000 W，扫描速度15 mm/s，送粉率10 g/min。按最优工艺制备的1725/WC复合涂层成形质量较好，WC分布较均匀，熔覆层的平均硬度(HV0.2)为483.0。
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关键词:
- 铸铁 /
- 激光熔覆 /
- 1725/WC复合涂层 /
- 稀释率 /
- 硬度
Abstract: 1725/WC composite coatings were prepared on the surface of cast iron by laser cladding. The effects of process parameters including laser power, scanning speed and powder feed rate on dilution ratio and hardness of the cladding coating were studied through orthogonal experiments. The results showed that the laser power had the greatest effect on the dilution rate of the cladding layer, followed by powder feeding rate and scanning speed, respectively. And the primary and secondary order sequence of these three factors on the surface microhardness were power feeding rate, laser power and scanning speed. The optimum process parameters were as follows: laser power was 2 000 W, scanning speed was 15 mm/s, powder feed rate was 10 g/min. The 1725/WC composite coating generated under the optimized process had good forming quality and WC had a uniform distribution. The average hardness of the cladding coating was 483.0HV0.2.-
Key words:
- cast iron /
- laser cladding /
- 1725/WC composite coatings /
- dilution ratio /
- hardness
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图 1 基体、1725粉末及WC的SEM形貌
(a)基体; (b) 1725粉末; (c)WC
Figure 1. SEM morphologies of the substrate, 1725 powder and WC
图 2 9组正交试验制备的熔覆层截面形貌
Figure 2. Section morphologies of cladding coatings prepared under different process conditions
图 4 最优工艺制备的1725/WC熔覆层截面形貌
（a）整体形貌;（b）熔合区形貌;（c）中上部形貌;（d）图c的放大形貌
Figure 4. Cross section morphologies of 1725/WC cladding coating prepared under the optimized process
表 1 球墨铸铁QT400-15化学成分
Table 1. Chemical compositions of QT400-15 nodular cast iron
% C Si Mn P S Mg Cu Fe 3.6 2.6 0.28 ≤0.05 ≤0.02 0.035 ≤0.1 Bal. 
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表 2 1725粉末化学成分
Table 2. Chemical compositions of 1725 powder
% Cr Si B Al Fe C Ni 3.22 2.58 1.09 0.42 1.86 0.11 Bal.
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表 3 L9(34)正交试验因素水平
Table 3. Orthogonal factors and levels of L9(34)
水平 A
功率
/ WB
扫描速率
/( mm·s−1)C
送粉速率
/( g·min−1)1 1500 10 10 2 2 000 15 14 3 2500 20 18
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表 4 L9(34)正交试验结果及极差分析
Table 4. Experimental results and range analysis of L9(34) orthogonal test
编号 A B C H
/mmh
/mmB
/mmb
/mmγ
/%硬度
(HV0.2)1 1500 10 10 0.83 0.19 4.88 4.72 18.13 539.4 2 1500 15 14 0.51 0.12 4.77 4.67 18.72 454.4 3 1500 20 18 0.47 0.08 4.52 4.52 14.55 465.2 4 2000 10 14 1.25 0.26 5.32 5.32 17.22 447.4 5 2000 15 18 0.68 0.13 5.26 5.26 16.05 455.5 6 2000 20 10 0.50 0.20 5.01 5.01 28.57 455.1 7 2500 10 18 1.40 0.40 6.01 5.95 22.05 446.1 8 2500 15 10 0.90 0.42 5.80 5.80 31.82 472.5 9 2500 20 14 0.61 0.20 5.50 5.50 24.69 430.5 γ k1 17.13 19.13 26.17 k2 20.61 22.20 20.21 k3 26.18 22.60 17.55 R 9.05 3.47 8.62 硬度 k1 486.3 477.6 489.0 k2 452.7 460.8 444.1 k3 449.7 450.3 455.6 R 36.6 27.3 44.9
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