某钒钛磁铁矿尾矿制备加气混凝土砌块的研究

丁春江; 张凯峰

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2022.02.015

某钒钛磁铁矿尾矿制备加气混凝土砌块的研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2022.02.015

武汉理工大学硅酸盐建筑材料国家重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430070

详细信息

作者简介:
丁春江（1989-），男，博士研究生，研究方向：能源材料，E-mail：wustzhxy@163.com

中图分类号: X757
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- 文章访问数: 204
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-11-10
- 网络出版日期: 2022-05-11
- 刊出日期: 2022-04-28

Study on preparation of aerated concrete block from vanadium-titanium magnetite tailing

State Key Laboratory of Silicate Building Materials, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China

摘要

摘要: 以承德某钒钛磁铁矿尾矿为主要原料，采用免蒸压的方法，制备了一种性能优良的加气混凝土砌块，研究了配方组成对样品干密度与抗压强度的影响。结果表明：添加水泥与石灰使样品的抗压强度先增大后减小，干密度先减小后增大，添加矿渣可提高样品的抗压强度与干密度，添加Al粉造成样品的抗压强度与干密度下降。采用最佳配方（钒钛磁铁矿尾矿∶矿渣∶生石灰∶水泥∶石膏=6∶ 6∶4∶3∶1，铝粉添加量为0.05%）可制备出抗压强度为4.41 MPa，干密度为695 kg/m³的加气混凝土砌块。样品经28 d养护后，生成了托勃莫来石与水化硅酸钙等水化产物。样品孔隙结构发达，大量结晶良好的叶片状及纤维状的托勃莫来石与CSH相互交织，形成典型的“桥连”结构，从而赋予样品较低的导热系数、优良的耐热性及环境安全性。为高效利用承德地区的钒钛磁铁矿尾矿提供了依据。
- 钒钛磁铁矿 /
- 尾矿 /
- 加气混凝土砌块 /
- 抗压强度 /
- 干密度 /
- 显微结构
Abstract: The aerated concrete block was prepared with the tailings as the main raw material by autoclave-free method. The influence of formula composition on dry density and compressive strength was studied. The results showed that the compressive strength increased first and then decreased, while the dry density had the opposite trend with the addition of cement and lime. The slag improved the compressive strength and dry density, which was lowered by the introduction of Al powder. Aerated concrete blocks with compressive strength of 4.41 MPa and dry density of 695 kg/m³ could be achieved, when the optimum formula (vanadium titanomagnetite tailings∶slag∶quicklime∶cement∶gypsum = 6∶6∶4∶3∶1, 0.05% aluminum powder) was adopted. After 28 days of curing, tobermorite and calcium silicate hydrate were produced. A large number of well-crystallized and fibrous tobermorite interweaved with CSH, forming a typical bridging structure. Therefore, the samples were endowed with low thermal conductivity, excellent water resistance, environmental safety, heat and fire resistance. This paper provides reference for efficient utilization of vanadium titanomagnetite tailings in Chengde.
- vanadium titanomagnetite /
- tailings /
- aerated concrete block /
- compressive strength /
- dry density /
- microstructure

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图 1 钒钛磁铁矿尾矿物相组成

Figure 1. Phase composition of the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings

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图 2 钒钛磁铁矿尾矿-矿渣添加量对加气混凝土的影响

Figure 2. Influence of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings-slag addition on the non-autoclaved aerated concrete

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图 3 钒钛磁铁矿尾矿-水泥添加量对加气混凝土的影响

Figure 3. Influence of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings-cement addition on the aerated concrete

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图 4 钒钛磁铁矿尾矿-生石灰添加量对加气混凝土的影响

Figure 4. Influence of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings-calcined lime addition on the aerated concrete

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图 5 钒钛磁铁矿尾矿-铝粉添加量对加气混凝土的影响

Figure 5. Influence of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings-aluminite powder addition on the non-autoclaved aerated concrete

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图 6 样品的XRD谱图及断面的SEM形貌

Figure 6. XRD spectra and fracture surface SEM image of sample

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表 1 钒钛磁铁矿尾矿的化学成分

Table 1. Chemical compositions of the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings %

SiO₂	Al₂O₃	CaO	MgO	Fe₂O₃	FeO	Na₂O	V₂O₅	TiO₂	SO₃	烧损
72.05	11.03	3.21	1.26	2.77	2.50	0.49	0.20	2.30	0.49	3.70

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表 2 钒钛磁铁矿尾矿粒度分析

Table 2. Particle size analysis of the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings

粒度范围/mm	含量/%
−0.25～+0.18	3.10
−0.18～+0.12	5.30
−0.12～+0.106	5.30
−0.106～+0.074	6.20
−0.074	80.10

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表 3 矿渣化学成分

Table 3. Chemical composition of the slag powder %

SiO₂	Al₂O₃	CaO	MgO	FeO	Na₂O
32.23	24.41	32.95	9.68	0.69	0.04

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表 4 相关试验仪器

Table 4. Related experimental instruments

仪器名称	型号	生产厂家
瓷衬球磨机	XMCQ	武汉探矿机械厂
增力电动搅拌器	JJ-1	金坛市易晟仪器制造有限公司
水泥胶砂搅拌机	JJ-5	无锡市建工仪器有限公司
快速沸煮箱	ZSA-5A	北京三思行测控技术有限公司
恒温干燥箱	101-4	上海新正机械仪器制造有限公司
智能测力仪	RFP-03	济南天辰试验机制造有限公司

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表 5 砌块相关性能

Table 5. Related performance of block

性能	干密度/(kg·m⁻³)	抗压强度/MPa	干缩值/ %	导热性能/（W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹）	抗冻性
性能	干密度/(kg·m⁻³)	抗压强度/MPa	干缩值/ %	导热性能/（W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹）	质量损失/%	冻后强度/MPa
砌块	695	4.41	0.69	0.11	2.9	4.09
标准值	≤725	≥4.0	≤0.80	≤0.18	≤5.0	≥4.0

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表 6 样品耐热性测试结果

Table 6. Heat resistance test results of samples

温度/℃	冷却强度/MPa	外观
200	4.55	正常
300	4.38	正常
400	4.40	灰黑色
500	2.63	灰白色
600	1.44	有裂纹
700	1.21	有裂纹

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表 7 样品重金属浸出浓度与相关标准要求

Table 7. Leaching concentration of heavy metals from sample and the corresponding standard requirements mg/L

	Cu	Pb	Cd	Cr	Zn
含量	0.013	0.001	0.001	0.040	0.100
标准限值	<3.00	<5.00	<1.00	<15.00	<100.00

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