冲击载荷下022Cr18Ni14Mo2不锈钢动态力学特性及其本构模型研究

贾海深; 罗文翠; 张继林; 易湘斌

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2022.02.027

冲击载荷下022Cr18Ni14Mo2不锈钢动态力学特性及其本构模型研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2022.02.027

贾海深^1,,
罗文翠²,
张继林²,
易湘斌^{1, 2, ,}

1.
兰州工业学院绿色切削加工技术及应用甘肃省高校重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730050
2.
兰州工业学院甘肃省机械装备先进制造协同创新中心, 甘肃兰州 730050

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（51865026）；甘肃省高等学校创新基金项目（2021A-156、2021B-319）；甘肃省高等学校产业支撑（2021-CYZC-52）；兰州工业学院“启智”人才培养计划(2018QZ-03)。

详细信息

作者简介:
贾海深（1982—），男，河南周口人，讲师，硕士,主要从事金属材料力学性能研究与切削加工，E-mail: jhsk9365@126.com

通讯作者:
易湘斌（1979—），男，甘肃兰州人，副教授，硕士，主要从事金属切削与力学性能研究，E-mail: 530064133@qq.com

中图分类号: TF76
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-07-14
- 网络出版日期: 2022-05-11
- 刊出日期: 2022-04-28

Study on dynamic mechanical properties and constitutive model of 022Cr18Ni14Mo2 stainless steel under impact load

1.
Key Laboratory of Green Cutting Technology and Application in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
2.
Gansu Province Mechanical Equipment Advanced Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Lanzhou Institute of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China

摘要

摘要: 利用UTM5305万能试验机和剖分式 Hopkinson 压杆装置，对022Cr18Ni14Mo2不锈钢进行了准静态及动态下的压缩试验研究，探讨了其应变硬化特征及流动应力对应变率的依赖程度，并结合应变强化指数$ n $和应变率敏感性系数$ \beta $两个参量进行定量分析。依据上述分析结果，对传统的J-C本构模型进行修正，构建了一种新型的本构模型。借助试验数据对修正后的本构模型进行参数识别，将模型预测值与试验值进行对比分析，运用本构模型的相关系数（R）和平均相对误差（AARE）两个参量对其评价。结果表明：该试样具有明显应变硬化特性和显著的应变率敏感性，应变强化指数受应变、应变率的支配，应变率敏感性系数随应变率的增加而增加，且增加的幅度逐渐减小。修正后本构模型的相关系数（R）为0.9896，平均相对误差（AARE）为3.29%，能够较好地描述试样高温、高应变率下的流变行为。
- 不锈钢 /
- 动态力学性能 /
- 应变强化指数 /
- 应变率敏感性 /
- 本构模型
Abstract: The quasi-static and dynamic compression tests of 022Cr18Ni14Mo2 stainless steel were performed by using UTM5305 universal testing machine and split Hopkinson compression bar. The strain hardening characteristics and the dependence of flow stress on strain rate were discussed. The quantitative analysis was carried out by taking two parameters of strain hardening index and strain rate sensitivity coefficient into account. Based on the above analysis results, the traditional J-C constitutive model was revised and a new type of constitutive model was constructed. The parameters of the modified constitutive model are identified with the help of experimental data. The predicted values from the model are compared with the experimental values, and the correlation coefficient (R) and average relative error (AARE) of the constitutive model are used to evaluate it. The results show that the sample has obvious strain hardening characteristics and remarkable strain rate sensitivity. The strain hardening index is dominated by strain and strain rate, and the strain rate sensitivity coefficient increases with the increase of strain rate, and the increase amplitude decreases gradually. The correlation coefficient (R) and average relative error (AARE) of the modified constitutive model are 0.9896 and 3.29%, respectively, which can better describe the rheological behavior of specimens at high temperature and high strain rate.
- stainless steel /
- dynamic mechanical properties /
- strain hardening index /
- strain rate sensitivity coefficient /
- constitutive model

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图 1 准静态下的应力-应变曲线

Figure 1. Stress-strain curve in quasi-static state

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图 2 温度在25 ℃不同应变率下的应力-应变曲线

Figure 2. Stress-strain curves at different strain rates (T=25 ℃)

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图 3 温度在25 ℃时5000 s⁻¹下试样冲击后的微观组织

Figure 3. The microstructure of the sample after impact at 5000 s⁻¹and at 25 ℃

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图 4 温度在400 ℃时不同应变率下应力-应变曲线

Figure 4. Stress-strain curves at different strain rates (T=400℃)

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图 5 修正的J-C本构模型第一项拟合曲线

Figure 5. The first fitting curve of the modified JC constitutive model

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图 6 修正的JC本构模型第二项拟合曲线

Figure 6. The second fitting curve of the modified JC constitutive model

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图 7 修正的JC本构模型第三项拟合曲线

Figure 7. The third fitting curve of the modified JC constitutive model

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图 8 不同应变率下应力-应变曲线试验值与修正J-C模型预测值的对比

Figure 8. Comparison of experimental values of stress-strain curves and predicted values of modified J-C model at different strain rates

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图 9 试验值与修正J-C模型预测值间的相关性

Figure 9. Correlation between experimental values and modified J-C model prediction values

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表 1 022Cr18Ni14Mo2不锈钢主要化学成分

Table 1. Main chemical compositions of 022Cr18Ni14Mo2 stainless steel %

C	Si	Mn	P	S	Ni	Cr
0.08	0.75	2.00	0.045	0.03	8.22	18.89

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表 2 不同应变率、应变处的应变硬化指数

Table 2. The strain hardening index of steel impacted at different strain rate and strain

$ \dot \varepsilon $/s⁻¹	n
$ \dot \varepsilon $/s⁻¹	ε=0.1	ε=0.15	ε=0.20	ε=0.25	ε=0.30
0.01 2 000 3000 4000 5000	0.8625 0.8458 0.7946 0.7654 0.7537	0.8025 0.8679 0.7609 0.7401 0.7307	0.7258 0.6918 0.6459 0.6329	0.6984 0.6539 0.6016 0.5846	0.6127 0.5569 0.5409 0.5284

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表 3 不同应变率下的应变率敏感性系数

Table 3. Strain rate sensitivity coefficient at different strain rates

$ \dot \varepsilon $/s⁻¹	应变率敏感性系数$ \beta $
2 000 3000 4000 5000	11.1538 18.6619 22.9458 25.0159

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表 4 修正的J-C本构模型平均绝对误差值

Table 4. The average absolute error value of the modified J-C constitutive model

$ \dot \varepsilon $/ s⁻¹	平均绝对误差/MPa
$ \dot \varepsilon $/ s⁻¹	25 ℃	150 ℃	275 ℃	400 ℃
2 000 3000 4000 5000	15.66077754 46.80494841 35.88938985 27.73777816	14.22130679 13.12439042 12.00604471 16.33486636	22.0703322632919 15.3002801865349 10.0440919796945 10.7519804140126	19.5186443920757 18.3288671876173 29.0687297003203 24.8034712635893

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