Study on beneficiation process of a low grade ilmenite in Panxi
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摘要: 某低品位钒钛磁铁矿,TiO2品位为6.15%，矿物组成复杂，为充分回收其中的钛铁矿，针对钛的赋存状态及粒级分布特点，制定了强磁磁选预抛尾、重选提质、细磨弱磁选除铁、反浮选脱硫与一粗一扫两精浮钛组合工艺流程，研究了磁感应强度、磁介质大小、脉动冲程、磨矿浓度、磨矿时间、浮选调整剂及捕收剂用量等的影响，在获得最优工艺条件的基础上，按“一段强磁抛尾—两段重选抛尾—磨矿—除铁—浮选”的工艺流程进行了闭路试验。试验获得了TiO2品位48.22%，回收率为35.19%的钛精矿。矿石中主要有用的矿物钛铁矿得到了有效的回收。Abstract: The TiO2 content of a low grade ilmenite in Panxi is 6.15% and its mineral composition is complex. In order to fully recover ilmenite, mineral processing experiments were carried out. According to the occurrence state and particle size distribution characteristics of titanium, the combined technological processes of pre-tail dumping by strong magnetic separation, quality improvement by gravity separation, iron removal by fine grinding and low intensity magnetic separation, reverse flotation desulfurization and one roughing-one scavenging-two cleaning titanium flotation were formulated. The effects of magnetic induction intensity, magnetic medium size, pulsating stroke, grinding concentration, grinding time, flotation regulator and collector dosage were studied. The experimental results show that after the ore dressing test is carried out by the process of "one strong magnetic throwing tail-two segment redressing-grinding-removing iron-flotation", the TiO2 grade of 48.22% and the recovery rate of 35.19% can be obtained. The main useful mineral in the ore is ilmenite, which has been effectively recovered.
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Key words:
- ilmenite /
- strong magnetic separation /
- gravity separation /
- flotation
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表 1 原矿化学多元素分析
Table 1. Chemical elements analysis of raw ore
% TFe FeO Fe2O3 TiO2 P S SiO2 Al2O3 V2O5 17.14 13.52 4.78 6.15 0.042 0.54 36.93 10.75 0.061 
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表 2 钛的化学物相分析
Table 2. Phase analysis of titanium
% 含量 分布率 钛铁矿 4.26 69.27 钛磁铁矿 0.69 11.27 硅酸盐 1.20 19.51 合计 6.15 100.00
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表 3 矿物组成分析
Table 3. Analysis of mineral composition
% 钛磁铁矿 钛铁矿 硫化物 钛辉石 斜长石 绿泥石等 4.76 8.64 1.45 41.22 35.87 8.06
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表 4 试验原料筛析结果
Table 4. Screening results of test material
粒级/mm 粒级产率/% 粒级品位/% 金属分布率/% 0.450 11.05 1.69 3.07 −0.450～0.280 16.14 3.18 8.44 −0.280～0.180 21.75 5.33 19.07 −0.180～0.154 17.02 8.09 22.65 −0.154～0.100 15.49 9.72 24.77 −0.100～0.074 4.13 5.33 3.62 −0.074～0.045 8.57 8.4 11.85 −0.045～0.038 2.68 4.72 2.08 −0.038 3.17 8.53 4.44 合计 100 6.07 100
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表 5 磁场强度条件试验
Table 5. Condition tests of Magnetic field intensity
磁场强度/T 原矿品位/% 精矿品位/% 尾矿品位/% 精矿产率/% 回收率/% 1.2 6.22 7.98 1.38 73.33 94.08 1.0 6.22 8.05 1.25 73.09 94.59 0.8 6.22 8.61 1.12 68.09 94.25 0.6 6.22 10.61 1.28 52.95 90.32
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表 6 磁介质对比试验
Table 6. Contrast tests of magnetic medium
磁介质尺寸/mm 原矿品位/% 精矿品位/% 尾矿品位/% 精矿产率/% 回收率/% 3 6.22 10.78 2.49 44.99 77.98 4 6.22 10.34 2.56 47.04 78.20
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表 7 脉动冲次条件试验
Table 7. Condition tests of pulsating impulse
脉动冲次/(次·min-1) 原矿品位/% 精矿品位/% 尾矿品位/% 精矿产率/% 回收率/% 200 6.22 9.77 2.78 49.21 77.30 250 6.22 10.34 2.53 47.25 78.54 300 6.22 10.78 2.49 44.99 77.98 350 6.22 10.54 2.61 45.09 77.14
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表 8 重选试验结果
Table 8. Results of gravity separation test
% 试验条件 原矿品位 精矿品位 尾矿品位 精矿产率 回收率 一段重选 10.58 16.34 5.73 45.71 70.60 二段重选 16.34 23.12 7.48 56.65 80.16
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表 9 3 min磨矿浓度对比试验
Table 9. Contrast tests of 3 min grinding concentration
粒级/mm 粒级含量/% 原矿 70%浓度 80%浓度 +0.18 42.52 16.07 2.91 +0.1 15.79 31.43 39.69 0.074 16.85 33.39 17.85 −0.074 16.28 19.11 39.55 合计 100 100 100
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表 10 磨矿浓度80%条件下不同磨矿时间试验结果
Table 10. Test results of grinding time under grinding concentration of 80%
粒级/mm 不同磨矿时间下粒度分布比例 /% 原矿 2 min 3 min 5 min 8 min +0.18 42.52 6.54 2.91 0.38 0.83 +0.1 15.79 45.33 39.69 30.20 18.68 0.074 16.85 17.84 17.85 21.11 19.59 −0.074 16.28 30.30 39.55 48.31 60.90 合计 100 100 100 100 100
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表 11 重选精矿除铁试验
Table 11. Iron removal tests of concentrate by gravity separation
% 产品 产率 TiO2品位 TFe品位 原矿 100 23.12 铁精矿 8.90 16.45 41.85 除铁尾矿 91.10 23.77
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表 12 浮钛粗选硫酸用量条件试验
Table 12. Tests of sulfuric acid dosage for coarse separation of floating titanium
硫酸用量/(g·t−1) 产品 品位/% 产率/% 回收率/% 800 浮硫精矿 10.75 3.98 1.80 钛精矿 32.48 67.63 92.41 尾矿 4.89 28.39 5.84 原矿 23.77 100 100.00 1000 浮硫精矿 10.75 3.46 1.56 钛精矿 36.68 57.88 89.23 尾矿 5.66 38.66 9.21 原矿 23.77 100.00 100.00 1300 浮硫精矿 10.27 4.21 1.82 钛精矿 39.31 50.52 83.42 尾矿 7.75 45.27 14.76 原矿 23.77 100 100.00 1600 浮硫精矿 11.03 3.27 1.52 钛精矿 41.64 44.22 77.43 尾矿 9.53 52.51 21.05 原矿 23.77 100.00 100.00
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表 13 浮钛粗选捕收剂MOH用量条件试验
Table 13. Tests of MOH dosage for coarse separation of floating titanium
捕收剂用量/(g·t−1) 产品 品位/% 产率/% 回收率/% 1200 浮硫精矿 11.23 3.78 1.79 钛精矿 42.36 45.45 81.00 尾矿 8.28 50.77 17.68 原矿 23.77 100 100.00 1500 浮硫精矿 10.81 3.46 1.55 钛精矿 39.86 51.50 86.36 尾矿 6.38 45.04 12.09 原矿 23.77 100 100.00 1800 浮硫精矿 10.75 3.46 1.56 钛精矿 36.68 57.88 89.23 尾矿 5.66 38.66 9.21 原矿 23.77 100.00 100.00 2000 浮硫精矿 10.70 3.27 1.47 钛精矿 32.57 67.85 92.97 尾矿 4.68 28.88 5.56 原矿 23.77 100 100.00
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表 14 一粗两精开路试验
Table 14. Open circuit test of one rough-two fine flotation
% 产品 品位 产率 回收率 浮硫精矿 10.6 3.65 1.62 钛精矿 48.17 39.63 79.74 中1 10.32 9.52 4.10 中2 28.13 4.23 4.96 尾矿 5.34 42.97 9.57 原矿 23.94 100 100
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表 15 全流程试验结果
Table 15. Results of the whole process
% 产品名称 产率 TiO2品位 回收率 钛精矿 4.58 48.22 35.19 尾矿 95.42 4.26 64.81 原矿 100.00 6.27 100.00
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