基于复合造块工艺处理含锰尾矿的试验研究

滕飞; 曾志彦; 郭培民; 岳崇峰

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2022.04.018

基于复合造块工艺处理含锰尾矿的试验研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2022.04.018

1.
钢铁研究总院先进钢铁流程及材料国家重点实验室, 北京 100081
2.
五矿铍业股份有限公司, 湖南衡阳 421513
3.
北京钢研新冶工程技术中心有限公司, 北京 100081

基金项目: 科技部十三五国家重点研发计划（2019YFC1904604）。

详细信息

作者简介:
滕飞（1987-），吉林扶余人，博士研究生，工程师，研究方向：烧结、球团，E-mail：13426292269@139.com

通讯作者:
郭培民，教授级高工，博士生导师，研究方向：炼铁新技术，E-mail：guopm@pku.org.cn

中图分类号: TF046
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-30
- 刊出日期: 2022-09-14

Experimental study on treatment of the tailings containing manganese using composite agglomeration process

1.
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Steel Processes and Products, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
2.
China Minmetals Beryllium Co., Ltd., Hengyang 421513, Hunan, China
3.
China Iron and Steel Research Institute Engineering Technology Center Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 针对一种含锰尾矿资源用于普通烧结工艺时存在料层透气性差和烧结矿产量、质量低等问题，基于复合造块工艺探索含锰尾矿资源的合理利用方式。考虑到高炉冶炼对炉渣碱度的要求，通过在基体料中配加熔剂调节复合烧结矿（简称复合矿）的碱度。通过实验室烧结杯试验，对复合料固定碳配比、球团料比例以及布料方式等影响因素进行系统研究。结果表明，采用复合造块工艺处理这种含锰尾矿资源是可行的。适宜的基体料固定碳配比为3.3%，最佳的球团比例为40%。冶金性能检测结果表明，复合矿还原度指数为72.49%，低于普通烧结矿3.27个百分点，低温还原粉化指数为79.53%，高于普通烧结矿3.49个百分点，熔滴性能明显优于普通烧结矿。复合矿显微结构中主要以磁铁矿和少量玻璃相构成的斑状结构为主，基体部分铁酸钙粘结相含量相比普通烧结矿明显减少，硅酸二钙生成量较多。
- 烧结 /
- 含锰尾矿 /
- 复合造块工艺 /
- 冶金性能 /
- 矿物结构
Abstract: In order to address the issue of poor material permeability and low yield and quality of sinter when a kind of tailings containing manganese was used in the 100% concentrate sintering process, the rational utilization of tailings containing manganese was investigated by the composite agglomeration process. Considering the requirements of blast furnace ironmaking on raw material and slag basicity, the silica, dolomite and burnt lime were added to adjust the basicity of the composite sinter. Through the lab-scale sintering pot test, the influencing factors such as fixed carbon ratio of composite material, the ratio of pellet and the distribution mode were systematically studied. The results showed that it was feasible to utilize the tailings containing manganese by the composite agglomeration process. The appropriate fixed carbon ratio could be reduced to 3.3%, and the suitable pellet ratio was 40%. The reduction index (RI) was 72.49%, which was 3.27 percentage points lower than that of ordinary sinter. The low-temperature reduction-disintegration index (RDI_{+3.15 mm}) of composite sinter was 79.53%, which was 3.49 percentage points higher than that of ordinary sinter. The melting and dropping property of the composite sinter was better than those of the ordinary sinter. The microstructure of the composite ore was mainly porphyritic structure composed of magnetite and a small amount of glass phase. The content of calcium ferrite binder phase in the matrix parts was significantly lower and the amount of dicalcium silicate was higher than that of ordinary sinter.
- sintering /
- tailings containing manganese /
- composite agglomeration process /
- metallurgical performance /
- mineral microstructure

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图 1 含锰尾矿复合造块工艺流程

Figure 1. Flow chart of composite agglomeration process of the tailings containing Manganese

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图 2 烧结矿显微结构

M:磁铁矿；G:玻璃相；P:气孔；CF:铁酸钙；C₂S:硅酸二钙；H:次生赤铁矿(a) 普通烧结矿一般显微结构；(b) 复合矿球团中部显微结构；(c) 复合矿球团边缘显微结构； (d) 复合矿基体部分显微结构

Figure 2. The mineral compositions and microstructures of the composite sinter products

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表 1 试验用原料化学成分

Table 1. Chemical compositions of the raw materials %

原料	TFe	FeO	CaO	SiO₂	MgO	Al₂O₃	Mn	LOI
含锰尾矿	67.46	27.20	0.12	0.89	0.05	0.80	2.92	−2.63
白云石			50.21	3.93	34.33	1.04		7.76
硅石			0.13	98.00	0.08	0.25
生石灰			75.23	5.82	1.93	1.34		12.57
焦粉灰成分	2.17		1.50	51.08	1.05	41.29
注：焦粉工业分析结果：固定碳 85.46%, 挥发分 1.07%, 灰分 13.37%。

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表 2 试验用原料的粒度组成

Table 2. Size distribution of the raw materials

原料	粒度组成 /%								合计
原料	>4 mm	4~2 mm	2~1 mm	1~0.5 mm	0.5~0.25 mm	0.25~0.125 mm	0.125~0.063 mm	<0.063 mm	合计
含锰尾矿	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	36.57	19.31	14.92	29.20	100
白云石	0.00	2.07	24.42	13.61	13.21	10.67	16.27	19.75	100
硅石	0.00	0.00	59.50	39.28	0.96	0.14	0.08	0.03	100
生石灰	1.39	7.14	11.71	5.16	5.36	8.13	22.62	38.49	100
焦粉	1.93	13.50	21.82	14.50	10.60	9.09	12.18	16.38	100

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表 3 含锰尾矿复合造块试验研究方案

Table 3. Experiment scheme of tailings containing manganese composite agglomeration

烧结工艺	方案	固定碳配比/%	球团比例/%	布料方式
普通烧结	0	3.8	0	常规装料
复合造块第一阶段	1	3.8	35	交替布料
	2	3.6	35	交替布料
	3	3.3	35	交替布料
	4	3.0	35	交替布料
复合造块第二阶段	5	3.3	40	交替布料
	6	3.3	45	交替布料
	7	3.3	40	分批布料
	8	3.3	40	混匀布料
	9	3.3	40	偏析布料

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表 4 含锰尾矿普通烧结工艺及复合造块工艺的烧结杯试验结果

Table 4. Sintering pot test results under regular sintering process and composite agglomeration process

方案	基体料水分 /%	生球水分 /%	垂烧速度/ (mm·min⁻¹)	成品率 /%	利用系数/ [t·(m²·h)⁻¹]	返矿平衡	转鼓强度 /%	固体燃耗 /(kg·t⁻¹)
0	11.30		10.97	52.63	0.52	2.35	61.33	89.27
1	8.28	11.08	18.22	82.61	1.50	0.91	64.80	55.46
2	8.76	11.10	15.30	82.44	1.24	0.89	63.13	52.84
3	8.72	11.07	17.55	80.33	1.41	1.03	62.72	50.04
4	8.36	11.14	21.88	77.16	1.72	1.16	61.14	46.45
5	8.56	11.15	18.03	81.68	1.50	0.97	61.96	48.21
6	8.62	11.19	12.37	79.63	1.00	1.04	63.60	49.71
7	9.16	11.06	11.35	82.66	0.96	0.94	58.33	47.44
8	9.16	11.06	23.78	75.54	1.82	1.25	56.67	52.39
9	8.12	11.28	16.29	80.74	1.43	1.02	60.63	48.87

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表 5 成品烧结矿的化学成分

Table 5. Chemical compositions of the sinter products

烧结工艺	w/%											R (倍)
烧结工艺	TFe	FeO	SiO₂	CaO	Al₂O₃	MgO	K₂O	Na₂O	Mn	S	P	R (倍)
普通烧结	56.19	9.46	4.80	9.36	0.45	0.29	0.12	0.025	1.64	0.007	0.011	1.95
复合造块	59.63	15.59	3.94	5.51	1.30	1.22	0.14	0.037	2.76	0.009	0.014	1.40

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表 6 成品烧结矿冶金性能测定试验结果

Table 6. Test results of metallurgical properties of the sinter products

工艺	低温还原粉化 (RDI_+3.15)/%	还原度 (RI)/%	T_10% /°C	T_40% /°C	ΔT₁ /°C	T_S /°C	T_d /°C	ΔT₂ /°C	ΔP_m /kPa	S /(kPa·°C)
普通烧结	76.04	75.76	1061.1	1213.0	151.9	1288.2	1467.5	179.3	10.76	864.6
复合造块	79.53	72.49	1011.6	1160.1	148.5	1270.8	1359.3	88.5	8.27	222.0
注：ΔT₁ (软化温度区间)= T_40%－T_10%；ΔT₂ (熔滴温度区间)= T_d (滴落开始温度)－T_s (熔化开始温度)。

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