Research and practice on optimization of grinding and classification process of low-grade vanadium titanomagnetite
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摘要: 针对攀枝花丰源矿业有限公司使用攀枝花矿区低品位钒钛磁铁矿选矿生产现状，提出了磨矿分级工艺优化的方案，在提升铁精矿细度条件下，减少了钛铁矿过磨，更适合后续钛铁矿重选工艺，提高了钛铁矿的回收率。生产实践表明，通过优化磨矿分级工艺，“两段磨矿”改为“三段磨矿”，原矿“先磨矿后分级”改为“先分级后磨矿”以及淘汰螺旋分级机。最终铁精矿细度（−0.074 mm）提升12.34个百分点，使铁精矿品位提升1.57个百分点，磁选尾矿中−0.0385 mm粒级的产率降低20.31个百分点，大幅改善了钛铁矿选别粒度，钛铁矿回收率提高6.85个百分点。Abstract: According to the production status of Panzhihua Fengyuan Mining Co., Ltd. using the low-grade vanadium titanomagnetite for beneficiation from Panzhihua mining area, this paper put forward an optimization scheme of grinding and classification process. Under the condition of improving the fineness of iron concentrate, the overgrinding of ilmenite was reduced, which was more suitable for the subsequent ilmenite gravity separation process, and the recovery rate of ilmenite was also improved. The production practice shows that by optimizing the grinding and classification process, "two-stage grinding" was changed to "three-stage grinding", the raw ore "grinding before classification" was changed to "classification before grinding" and the spiral classifier was eliminated. Finally, the fineness of iron concentrate (−0.074 mm) was increased by 12.34 percentage points, the grade of iron concentrate was increased by 1.57 percentage points, the yield of −0.0385 mm particle size in magnetic separation tailings was reduced by 20.31 percentage points, the separation particle size of ilmenite was greatly improved, and the recovery rate of ilmenite was increased by 6.85 percentage points.
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Key words:
- low-grade vanadium titanomagnetite /
- mineral separation /
- grinding /
- iron concentrate /
- ilmenite /
- grade /
- recovery rate
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表 1 原矿样品矿物组成及含量分析结果
Table 1. Mineral composition and content analysis results of raw ore sample
% 磁铁矿 钛铁矿 钛磁连晶 磁脉连晶 钛脉连晶 钛磁脉连晶 磁黄连晶 黄铁矿 黄铜矿 脉石 15.50 11.75 5.00 2.00 1.50 3.00 少量 2.00 少量 59.25 
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表 2 球磨粉矿粒级分布
Table 2. Raw ore particle size data
粒径/mm 产率/% +10 2.37 −10~+8 5.48 −8~+5 10.18 −5~+3 5.24 −3~+1 21.51 −1 55.22
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表 3 一段磁选粒级对比数据
Table 3. Particle size comparison data of primary magnetic separation
样品名称 各粒级产率/% +1 mm −1～+0.3 mm −0.3～+0.15 mm −0.15～+0.074 mm −0.074～+0.045 mm −0.045～+0.0385 mm −0.0385 mm 优化前 进料 5.87 14.13 20.21 13.70 7.76 2.06 36.27 精矿 14.98 31.85 24.13 10.46 4.86 1.18 12.54 尾矿 4.49 12.27 19.35 11.19 12.20 2.58 37.92 优化后 进料 7.01 25.89 32.85 15.35 10.42 2.18 6.30 精矿 8.45 22.41 34.72 12.77 15.47 2.22 3.96 尾矿 4.85 28.63 25.22 18.80 8.21 1.75 12.54
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表 4 二段不同分级设备对比数据
Table 4. Comparison data of different classification equipment in Section II
设备
名称样品名称 各粒级产率/% 分级
效率/%+0.3 mm −0.3～+0.15 mm −0.15～+0.074 mm −0.074～+0.045 mm −0.045～+0.0385 mm −0.0385 mm 螺旋分级机 进料 6.51 22.21 15.33 15.56 3.45 36.94 64.23 返砂 22.14 28.08 17.77 16.87 2.97 12.17 溢流 0.33 3.78 12.91 6.58 76.40 分级旋流器 进料 20.81 19.49 27.20 9.35 2.85 20.30 81.14 返砂 32.10 25.95 26.65 6.50 1.36 7.44 溢流 1.75 9.00 45.25 14.20 5.11 24.69
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表 5 二段磁选粒级对比数据
Table 5. Particle size comparison data of secondary magnetic separation
样品名称 各粒级产率/% +0.3 mm −0.3～+0.15 mm −0.15～+0.074 mm −0.074～+0.045 mm −0.045～+0.0385 mm −0.0385 mm 优化前 进料 0.03 1.11 10.93 18.94 4.96 64.03 精矿 0.03 5.05 26.05 23.79 3.28 41.80 尾矿 6.16 14.32 12.06 3.19 64.27 优化后 进料 5.70 11.40 22.60 17.70 3.50 39.10 精矿 4.21 11.24 23.88 17.05 3.02 40.60 尾矿 6.50 4.70 13.30 29.40 4.10 42.00
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表 6 铁精矿粒级产率对比数据
Table 6. Yield comparison of particle size of iron concentrate
各粒级产率/% +0.15 mm −0.15～+0.074 mm −0.074～+0.045 mm −0.045～+0.0385 mm −0.0385 mm 优化前 5.08 26.05 23.79 3.28 41.80 优化后 8.01 10.78 27.84 3.66 49.71
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表 7 总磁尾粒级产率对比数据
Table 7. Yield comparison data of total magnetic tail particle size
各粒级产率/% +0.15 mm −0.15 mm −0.074 mm −0.045 mm −0.0385 mm 优化前 17.12 19.8 12.94 3.55 46.59 优化后 34.98 23.86 11.00 3.88 26.28
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