20MnCr5齿轮钢全流程夹杂物分析

白旭旭; 张敏; 曾建华; 杨树峰; 李京社

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2022.06.021

20MnCr5齿轮钢全流程夹杂物分析

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2022.06.021

1.
攀钢集团研究院有限公司, 钒钛资源综合利用国家重点实验室, 四川攀枝花 617000
2.
北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院, 北京 100083

详细信息

作者简介:
白旭旭,1994年出生，女，河北石家庄人，硕士研究生，副研究员，研究方向：钢铁冶金，E-mail：18811360208@163.com

中图分类号: TF76,TG115
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-20
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-13

Analysis of inclusions in the whole process of 20MnCr5 gear steel

1.
State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Pangang Group Research Institute Co., Ltd., Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan , China
2.
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 10083, China

摘要

摘要: 为有效改善齿轮钢的洁净度，提高产品质量，必须明确齿轮钢冶炼过程中非金属夹杂物的演变行为。以某厂20MnCr5齿轮钢为研究对象，通过对LF-VD-CC工艺齿轮钢生产过程的全流程取样分析，利用扫描电子显微镜对冶炼过程不同阶段的夹杂物成分、形貌、尺寸和数量等特性进行系统分析研究。结果表明，LF进站时，主要夹杂物为Al₂O₃-MnS复合夹杂物，其中还分布了大量的MnS夹杂物；精炼20 min后取样，观察到Al₂O₃-MgO-MnS复合夹杂物和Al₂O₃夹杂物；LF末期，产物基本不变；VD破空后，观察到的主要夹杂物为MnS夹杂物和呈近球形的以Al₂O₃为核心的MnS包裹的复合夹杂物，还有许多镁铝尖晶石，其有的含有少量CaO，有的有少量MnS，但主要成分为镁铝尖晶石。针对该钢厂镁铝尖晶石较多的情况，可通过调控精炼渣或者减少耐火材料的侵蚀进行改善。
- 齿轮钢 /
- 非金属夹杂物 /
- 成分 /
- 形貌 /
- 全流程分析
Abstract: In order to effectively improve the cleanliness of gear steel and product quality, it is necessary to clarify the evolution behavior of non-metallic inclusions in the smelting process of gear steel. This paper takes 20MnCr5 gear steel as the research object. Through sampling and analysis of the whole LF-VD-CC gear steel production process, a scanning electron microscope is used to systematically analyze the characteristics of inclusion composition, morphology, size, and quantity at different stages of the smelting process. When LF enters the station, the primary inclusions are Al₂O₃-MnS composite inclusions, among which many MnS inclusions are distributed. After 20 minutes of refining, Al₂O₃-MgO-MnS composite and Al₂O₃ inclusions were observed. At the end of LF, the product is unchanged. After VD breaking, the primary inclusions observed are MnS inclusions, which are nearly spherical and consist of MnS inclusions with Al₂O₃ as the core. There are many magnesia-aluminum spinels, some of which have a small amount of CaO, and some have a small amount of MnS. However, the main component is the magnesia-aluminum spinel.
- gear steel /
- non-metallic inclusion /
- composition /
- morphology /
- whole process analysis

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图 1 试样加工示意（单位：mm）

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of sample processing

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图 2 三炉次试验钢各工位氧含量变化

Figure 2. Change of oxygen content in each station of three heats test steel

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图 3 三炉次各工位氮含量变化

Figure 3. Change of nitrogen content in each station of three heats

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图 4 LF精炼过程典型夹杂物扫描结果

Figure 4. Scanning results of typical inclusions in LF refining process

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图 5 VD精炼过程典型夹杂物扫描结果

Figure 5. Scanning results of typical inclusions in VD refining process

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图 6 中间包中期典型夹杂物扫描结果

Figure 6. Scanning results of typical inclusions in tundish

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图 7 铸坯中Al₂O₃-MnS夹杂

Figure 7. Scanning results of Al₂O₃-MnS inclusions in slab

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图 8 铸坯中Al₂O₃-CaS-MnS夹杂

Figure 8. Scanning results of Al₂O₃-CaS-MnS inclusions in slab

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图 9 三炉次各阶段夹杂物的数量变化

Figure 9. Variation of inclusion quantity density in each stage of three heats

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图 10 三炉次各阶段夹杂物平均尺寸变化

Figure 10. Average size change of inclusions in each stage of three heats

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表 1 20MnCr5钢主要化学成分

Table 1. Main chemical composition of 20MnCr5 %

C	Si	Mn	Cr	S	P	Ni
0.14~0.22	≤0.12	1.00~1.50	0.80~1.30	0.020~0.035	≤0.035	0.80~1.30

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表 2 取样方案

Table 2. Sampling plan

编号	取样工位点	试样编号	饼样	渣样	吊桶样	测温
1	LF座包	LF1	√	√	√	√
2	精炼20 min	LF2	√	√	√	√
3	LF末期	LF3	√	√	√	√
4	VD破空	VD1	√	×	√	√
5	VD终点	VD2	√	×	√	√
6	中间包	中包中期	×	×	√	√
7	铸坯	铸坯	全断面截取，200 mm

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表 3 不同炉次各阶段夹杂物的尺寸分布

Table 3. The size distribution of inclusions in different furnaces at each stage

工序	夹杂物比例/%
	<1.0 μm			1.0~2.0 μm			2.0~3.0 μm			3.0~5.0 μm			>5.0 μm
	第一炉	第二炉	第三炉	第一炉	第二炉	第三炉	第一炉	第二炉	第三炉	第一炉	第二炉	第三炉	第一炉	第二炉	第三炉
LF座包	48.80	20.29	26.24	49.20	41.55	44.55	1.60	23.67	16.83	0.40	13.53	9.9	0	0.97	2.48
LF精炼20 min	21.59	29.52	30.23	48.86	41.57	44.96	25.00	20.48	17.05	4.55	6.63	7.75	0	1.81	0
LF末期	50.88	30.77	22.28	44.69	40.38	43.07	4.42	19.23	18.32	0	8.17	12.38	0	1.44	3.96
VD破空	27.88	50.91	41.35	54.81	42.73	39.10	9.62	3.18	9.02	7.67	3.18	9.77	0	0	0.75
VD终点	43.63	37.17	43.46	40.20	41.80	40.87	14.71	13.32	11.58	1.47	6.73	3.68	0	0.98	0.41
中包中期	11.40	22.81	22.40	38.04	50.19	46.38	27.71	15.02	16.52	17.93	9.13	10.41	5.43	2.85	4.30
铸坯	9.48	12.05		33.62	33.13	23.69	32.76	23.50	17.67	17.24	21.69	27.71	6.90	9.64	12.45

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