攀钢高炉不同炉料相互作用机理试验研究

谢洪恩; 朱凤湘; 胡鹏; 郑魁

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.01.020

攀钢高炉不同炉料相互作用机理试验研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.01.020

攀钢集团研究院有限公司，钒钛资源综合利用国家重点实验室, 四川攀枝花 617000

详细信息

作者简介:
谢洪恩，1977年出生，男，四川内江人，硕士研究生，研究方向：钒钛矿高炉冶炼；E-mail: pzhxiehongen@163.com

中图分类号: TF53
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-01
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-28

Research on the interaction mechanism between different burden for blast furnace of Pangang

Pangang Group Research Institute Co., Ltd.,State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 为探究攀钢高炉不同炉料在软熔过程中的相互作用机理，进行了单种原料及其混合矿软熔性能的测定以及由两种炉料组成的混合矿在特定温度软熔性能测定的中断试验。在试验条件下，块矿的滴落温度T_d最低。与球团矿相比，烧结矿的软化终了温度T₄₀低、滴落温度T_d高、软化温度区间ΔT_s窄、熔化温度区间ΔT_m宽。与烧结矿和球团矿相比，混合矿的滴落温度T_d明显降低。块矿软熔以后在荷重的作用下渗入烧结矿和球团矿的空隙间，促进其与烧结矿或球团矿中物相的相互侵蚀和元素在不同物相间的迁移，从而加速混合矿的软化熔融。
- 高炉 /
- 炉料 /
- 软熔性能 /
- 相互作用
Abstract: In order to explore the interaction mechanism between different burdens in the softening-melting process of the blast furnace in Pangang, the softening-melting properties of different single burdens and their mixed burden were tested. Meanwhile, the interrupt experiment of softening-melting properties of the mixed burden by any two kinds of single burdens at a specific temperature was carried out. Under the experimental conditions, the dropping temperature T_d of lump ore is the lowest. Compared with the pellet, the sinter has a lower final softening temperature T₄₀, a higher dropping temperature T_d, a narrower softening temperature range ΔT_s, and a more comprehensive melting temperature range. Compared with the sinter and pellet, the dropping temperature T_d of mixed burden decreases. During softening and melting, the lump ore infiltrates into sinter or pellet under the action of load, conducive to the mutual erosion between lump ore and phases of the sinter or pellet as well as the migration of elements between different phases, thus promoting the softening and melting of mixed burden.
- blast furnace /
- burden /
- softening-melting property /
- interaction

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图 1 铁矿石软熔性能试验设备示意

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of experimental equipment for the softening-melting property of iron ore

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图 2 不同原料的位移和压差随温度变化的曲线

Figure 2. Contraction curves and pressure drop curves for different temperature

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图 3 烧结矿与块矿试验样品形貌

Figure 3. Morphologies of the sinter and lump ore mixed ore specimens

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图 4 烧结矿与球团矿的混合矿试验样品形貌

Figure 4. The morphology of the sinter and pellet mixed ore specimen

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图 5 球团矿与块矿试验样品形貌

Figure 5. Morphologies of the pellet and lump ore mixed ore specimens

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图 6 烧结矿和球团矿的扫描电镜照片

Figure 6. SEM images of sinter and pellet

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图 7 烧结矿和块矿相互作用的扫描电镜照片

Figure 7. SEM images of sinter and lump ore mixed ore

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图 8 烧结矿与球团矿相互作用的扫描电镜图片

Figure 8. SEM photoes of sinter and pellet mixed ore

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图 9 球团矿与块矿相互作用的扫描电镜图片

Figure 9. SEM photoes of pellet and lump ore mixed ore

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图 10 无荷重条件下烧结矿与块矿的软熔炉料

Figure 10. Melting mixed ore of sinter and lump ore without load

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图 11 无荷重条件下球团矿与块矿的软熔炉料

Figure 11. Melting mixed ore of pellet and lump ore without load

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图 12 无荷重时烧结矿与块矿相互作用的扫描电镜图片

Figure 12. SEM photoes of sinter and lump ore mixed ore without load

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图 13 无荷重时球团矿与块矿相互作用的扫描电镜图片

Figure 13. SEM photoes of pellet and lump ore mixed ore without load

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表 1 试验原料的化学成分

Table 1. Chemical compositions of experimental burden

类别	TFe /%	FeO /%	SiO₂ /%	CaO /%	MgO /%	Al₂O₃ /%	TiO₂ /%	V₂O₅ /%	R_O
烧结矿	49.19	6.62	5.52	10.23	2.23	3.30		0.347	1.85
球团矿	52.75	3.86	5.52	0.72	3.61	4.04		0.671	0.13
块矿	40.88	1.03	26.66	0.93	0.84	6.64	0.21	0	0.03

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表 2 焦炭的化学成分

Table 2. Chemical composition of experimental coke %

F_cad	M_t	S_t	V_daf	A_d
F_cad	M_t	S_t	V_daf	K₂O	Na₂O	CaO	SiO₂	MgO	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	合计
85.88	0.23	0.63	1.09	0.08	0.10	0.49	7.24	0.13	3.73	1.03	12.80

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表 3 铁矿石软熔性能试验条件

Table 3. Experimental conditions for the softening-melting property of iron ore

温度范围 /℃	升温速率 /（℃·min⁻¹）	气体成分/%			气体流量 /（L·min⁻¹）
温度范围 /℃	升温速率 /（℃·min⁻¹）	Ar	CO	N₂	气体流量 /（L·min⁻¹）
0 ~ 400	6	0	0	0	3
400 ~ 900	7	100	0	0	3
900 ~ 1000	3	0	30	70	10
1000 ~ 终点	6	0	30	70	10
终点后		100	0	0	3

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表 4 不同原料软熔性能

Table 4. Softening-melting properties of different burdens

样品名称	T₁₀ /℃	T₄₀ /℃	T_s /℃	T_p /℃	T_d /℃	ΔT_s /℃	ΔT_s /℃	ΔP_max /kPa	H /mm	S /（kPa·℃）
烧结矿	1092	1158	1191	1227	1488	66	297	21.52	38.63	3340
球团矿	1055	1181	1214	1280	1442	126	228	18.83	33.77	2213
块矿	1072	1141	1114	1138	1165	69	54	2.57	15.78	119
混合矿	1075	1138	1183	1225	1390	63	207	20.43	35.79	2140

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表 5 软熔炉料的化学成分

Table 5. Chemical compositions of different experimental samples

样品编号	TFe /%	FeO /%	MFe /%	CaO /%	SiO₂ /%	MgO /%	Al₂O₃ /%	TiO₂ /%	TiC /%	TiN /%	R₂
烧+块Ⅰ	59.00	61.75	7.50	4.90	9.41	2.38	3.39	4.32	<0.1	<0.01	0.52
烧+块Ⅱ	33.15	33.06	7.10	14.39	27.26	2.77	7.50	5.82	<0.1	<0.01	0.53
烧+球	49.76	41.39	17.57	8.15	8.00	4.21	5.55	12.57	<0.1	<0.01	0.98
球+块Ⅰ	52.88	55.87	5.70	1.50	12.89	3.04	4.85	9.00	<0.1	<0.01	0.10
球+块Ⅱ	41.50	46.83	4.60	2.61	26.00	3.56	6.50	7.07	<0.1	<0.01	0.12

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表 6 软熔炉料造渣组分的相对含量

Table 6. Relative contents of the main slagging compositions of different experimental samples %

样品编号	CaO	SiO₂	MgO	Al₂O₃	TiO₂
烧+块Ⅰ	20.08	38.57	9.75	13.89	17.70
烧+块Ⅱ	24.92	47.21	4.80	12.99	10.08
球+块Ⅰ	4.80	41.21	9.72	15.51	28.77
球+块Ⅱ	5.71	56.84	7.78	14.21	15.46

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表 7 烧结矿和块矿相互作用的微区能谱分析

Table 7. EDS analysis result of sinter and lump ore mixed ore %

物相编号	物相名称	O	Mg	Al	Ca	Si	Ti	V	Mn	C	Fe
①	钙铁橄榄石	41.8	3.66	0.32	13.68	16.70	0.46	0.21	0.78		22.39
②	金属铁					0.97	1.18	0.67		3.93	93.25

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表 8 烧结矿与球团矿相互作用的微区能谱分析

Table 8. EDS analysis result of sinter and pellet mixed ore %

物相编号	物相名称	O	Si	Ca	Mg	Al	Ti	V	Fe
①	钛赤铁矿	21.34			1.69	3.09	8.44	0.90	64.55
②	磁铁矿	19.62			1.27				79.11
③	橄榄石	30.67	12.65	29.40	2.97				24.31
④	橄榄石	30.69	12.61	31.16	3.45				21.64
⑤	钙钛矿	30.28	0.59	31.45		0.60	31.55		5.53

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表 9 球团矿与块矿相互作用的微区能谱分析

Table 9. EDS analysis result of pellet and lump ore mixed ore %

物相编号	物相名称	O	Si	Ca	Mg	Al	Ti	V	K	Na	Fe
①	浮氏体	16.96					2.11	0.92			80.01
②	钛磁铁矿	20.46			2.66	6.72	13.99	1.91			54.26
③	铁橄榄石	24.10	18.05		7.11	1.32	1.43	0.90			47.09
④	钙铁辉石	25.43	17.85	11.24	3.09	3.38	1.24	0.89	3.22		33.66
⑤	玻璃相	29.44	23.26	4.40		14.27	1.80	0.70	10.38	4.64	11.11

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表 10 无荷重时烧结矿与块矿相互作用的微区能谱分析

Table 10. EDS analysis result of sinter and lump ore mixed ore without load %

物相编号	物相名称	Fe	O	Mg	Al	Ca	Si	Ti	V
①	浮氏体	58.19	37.76	0.42	0.67	0.50	0.89	1.10	0.47
②	铁橄榄石	35.74	44.66	1.80	0.88	0.75	14.83	0.79	0.56

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表 11 无荷重时球团矿与块矿相互作用的微区能谱分析

Table 11. EDS analysis result of pellet and lump ore mixed ore without load %

物相编号	物相名称	Fe	O	Mg	Al	Ca	Si	Ti	V	Mn	K	Na
①	钛赤铁矿	63.83	24.43	1.19	1.46			9.43
②	钛铁矿	17.41	57.44	2.67	2.01			20.48
③	橄榄石	6.55	40.11	2.91	9.47	8.08	29.05	1.42	0.71			1.70
④	铁橄榄石	59.15	25.75	2.58			11.90			0.62
⑤	玻璃相	23.50	36.29		9.41	6.06	20.80				3.94
⑥	浮氏体	73.16	22.41		4.44

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