Effect of in-situ (W&Ti)C complex particles on wear behavior of high chromium cast iron
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摘要: 采用原位法制备出（W&Ti）C复相颗粒增强高铬铸铁基复合材料，研究了增强颗粒对材料显微组织和磨损行为的影响规律。结果表明：与高铬铸铁相比，复合材料显微组织中WC和TiC颗粒的存在使其洛氏硬度（HRC）从55提高到70。在磨损过程中，高铬铸铁靠近磨损表面的M7C3型碳化物在磨料的反复作用下会产生裂纹并向基体内部扩展。破碎的碳化物更容易脱落，无法抵抗磨料对材料表面的犁削作用，从而加速材料的磨损。复合材料中相对较软的基体相在磨损时会逐渐被去除，磨损表面会暴露出大量WC和TiC颗粒。表面凸起的增强颗粒会承受来自磨料的主要破坏作用，进而有效地保护周边的基体材料。对比发现，在相同磨损条件下复合材料的磨损性能提高了1倍以上。Abstract: High chromium cast iron matrix composites reinforced with (W&Ti)C composite particles were prepared by in situ method, and the effect of reinforced particles on the microstructure and wear behavior of the material was studied. The results show that the presence of WC and TiC particles in the composite microstructure increases the Rockwell hardness (HRC) from 55 to 70 compared to high chromium cast iron (HCCI). During the wear process, the M7C3 carbides of the HCCI near the wear surface will generate cracks and expand into the matrix under the repeated action of abrasives. Broken carbides fall off more easily and cannot resist the ploughing action of abrasives on the surface of the material, thereby accelerating the wear. The relatively soft matrix in the composite is gradually removed during the wear process, and a large number of WC and TiC particles are exposed on the worn surface. The raised reinforcing particles will take the major damage from the abrasive, effectively protecting the surrounding matrix. It was found out that the wear performance of the composites increased by more than 1 times compared with traditional materials under the same wear conditions.
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图 2 复合材料组织形貌及对应的元素分布
（a）组织形貌；（b）Ti元素；（c）Fe元素；（d）W元素；（e）Cr元素；（f）C元素
Figure 2. Microstructure and corresponding element distribution of composites
图 5 试验钢的表面磨损形貌
（a）高铬铸铁（BSD）；（b）高铬铸铁（SE）；（c）复合材料富TiC区（BSD）；（d）复合材料富TiC区（SE）；（e）复合材料富WC区（BSD）；（f）复合材料富WC区（SE）
Figure 5. Surface wear morphology of experimental materials
图 6 试验钢的截面磨损形貌
（a、b）高铬铸铁及局部放大；（c、d）复合材料富WC区及局部放大；（e、f）复合材料富TiC区及局部放大
Figure 6. Wear section morphology of experimental materials
表 2 高铬铸铁的化学成分
Table 2. The chemical compositions of the high chromium cast iron
% C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo S P Fe 3.17 0.15 0.34 26.96 0.42 0.39 0.02 0.01 余量 
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表 3 试验钢组织中物相的EDS能谱
Table 3. EDS energy spectrum of indicated point in Fig.1 materials
试验钢 点 元素含量（y/%） C Si Cr Fe Mo Ti W 高铬铸铁 1 34.83 44.94 19.77 0.46 2 25.71 1.29 21.89 60.47 0.64 3 32.42 48.52 18.79 0.27 复合材料 4 51.91 0.38 47.71 5 48.94 0.14 0.16 50.76
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