Te对303Cu不锈钢硫化物及性能的影响

朱强斌; 季灯平; 严道聪; 李立; 付建勋

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.01.029

Te对303Cu不锈钢硫化物及性能的影响

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.01.029

1.
上海大学材料基因组工程研究院，上海大学材料科学与工程学院先进凝固技术中心, 上海 200444
2.
浙江青山钢铁有限公司, 浙江丽水 325000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51874195, 52074179)

详细信息

作者简介:
朱强斌，1998年出生，男，硕士研究生，安徽人，主要从事高品质特殊钢中夹杂物分析，E-mail：zhuqbex13093696883@163.com

通讯作者:
付建勋，1969年出生，男，博士，教授，主要从事高品质特殊钢的开发与品质提升，E-mail：fujianxun@shu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TF76
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-01
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-28

Effect of Te on sulfides and properties of 303Cu stainless steel

1.
Materials Genome Institute, Center for Advanced Solidfication Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
2.
Zhejiang Tsingshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Lishui 325000, Zhejiang，China

摘要

摘要: 为研究碲（Te）冶金在303Cu不锈钢中的工业化应用效果，开展了向303Cu不锈钢中添加Te的工业化生产试验，探究了Te添加对303Cu易切削不锈钢耐蚀性能的影响，并验证了Te对303Cu耐蚀性能的影响。通过蔡司金相显微镜、扫描电镜、三维腐刻、表面粗糙度仪、盐雾试验、显微硬度等方法对比分析了303Cu不锈钢原样以及303Cu碲改质铸坯和轧材中硫化物的形态变化、尺寸分布及切削性能、耐蚀性能和硬度变化。结果表明：303Cu不锈钢（Te改质）铸坯中硫化物长宽比较小，分布更加均匀，硫化物硬度增加，Te改质303Cu轧材后硫化物由长条状变成纺锤体，有效抑制了硫化物在轧制过程中的形变；Te改质、轧材切削后C型屑比例提高且表面粗糙度降低；Te改质后，轧材在120 h和240 h中性盐雾试验下腐蚀面积相比原样均有所减小。
- 303Cu不锈钢 /
- 硫化物 /
- Te改质 /
- 切削性能 /
- 耐蚀性能
Abstract: In order to study the industrial application effect of Te metallurgy in 303Cu stainless steel, the industrial production test of adding Te to 303Cu stainless steel was carried out. The influence of Te addition on the corrosion resistance of 303Cu free-cutting stainless steel was investigated, and the influence of Te on the corrosion resistance of 303Cu was verified. The morphology, size distribution, cutting performance, corrosion resistance, and hardness change of sulfide in 303Cu stainless steel and 303Cu telluride modified casting billet and rolling material was compared and analyzed using Zeiss metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope, three-dimensional corrosion etching, surface roughness analyzer, salt spray test, and microhardness. The results show that the length and width of the sulfide in the 303Cu stainless steel (Te modified) billet are smaller, the distribution is more uniform, and the hardness of the sulfide increases. After the Te modified 303Cu rolling material, the sulfide changes from a long strip to a spindle, which effectively inhibits the deformation of the sulfide in the rolling process. After TE modification, the proportion of C-type chips increases, and the surface roughness decreases. After TE modification, the corrosion area of the rolled material decreased compared with the original sample under 120 h and 240 h neutral salt spray test.
- 303Cu stainless steel /
- sulphide /
- Te modification /
- cutting performance /
- corrosion resisting property

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图 1 切削试样照片

Figure 1. Photo of cutting sample

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图 2 盐雾试验样品

Figure 2. Salt spray test sample

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图 3 铸坯中典型硫化物金相照片

（a）（b）（c）原样；（d）（e）（f）：低Te；（g）（h）（i）高Te

Figure 3. (a) (b) (c) original sample; (d) (e) (f): low Te; (g) (h) (i): high Te

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图 4 三组试样沿轧制方向典型硫化物金相组织形貌

（a）原样；（b）低Te；（c）高Te

Figure 4. (a) original sample; (b) low Te; (c) high Te

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图 5 不同Te含量下的硫化物三维形貌及能谱分析

（a）原样；（b）低Te；（c）高Te

Figure 5. (a) original sample; (b) low Te; (c) high Te

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图 6 断屑形貌

Figure 6. Chip breaking morphology

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图 7 三组试样C型屑占比

Figure 7. Proportion of type C chips in three groups of samples

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图 8 三组试样表面粗糙度

Figure 8. Surface roughness of three groups of samples

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图 9 120 h盐雾后试样形貌

Figure 9. Morphology of sample after 120 h salt spray

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图 10 240 h盐雾腐蚀后试样形貌

Figure 10. Morphology of sample after 240 h salt spray

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图 11 不同Te含量下的硫化物形貌及能谱分析

（a）原样；（b）低Te；（c）高Te

Figure 11. (a) original sample; (b) low Te; (c) high Te

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表 1 试验钢的化学成分

Table 1. Chemical compositions of test steel %

试样	C	Si	Mn	P	S	Cr	Ni	Cu	Mo	N	Te
原样	0.029	0.34	2.27	0.036	0.300	17.15	8.10	2.08	0.25	0.037
低Te	0.028	0.33	2.30	0.039	0.293	17.35	8.14	2.16	0.23	0.038	0.0030～0.0040
高Te	0.028	0.34	2.25	0.037	0.300	17.17	8.10	2.13	0.26	0.034	0.0060～0.0080

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表 2 铸坯中硫化物统计

Table 2. Statistics of sulfide in casting billet

试样	硫化物总个数/个			硫化物平均面积/$ \mathbf{\mu } $m²			硫化物平均等效直径/$ \mathbf{\mu } $m			平均长宽比
试样	边部	1/4处	中心	边部	1/4处	中心	边部	1/4处	中心	边部	1/4处	中心
原样	12798	3493	5133	10.33	35.14	21.81	3.21	5.66	4.47	1.38	1.5	2.97
低Te	15169	4345	5456	8.97	26.54	20.91	2.98	4.83	4.37	1.44	1.47	1.58
高Te	8849	3376	4199	13.85	37.28	28.87	3.69	5.84	5.24	1.36	1.56	1.49

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表 3 三组试样不同位置平均硬度

Table 3. Average hardness of three groups of samples at different positions N/mm²

试样组	基体硬度			硫化物和基体混合硬度
试样组	边部	1/4处	中心	边部	1/4处	中心
原样	1266	1222	1264	1215	1100	1190
低Te	1249	1250	1233	1291	1214	1235
高Te	1271	1210	1267	1288	1196	1247

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表 4 切削参数

Table 4. Cutting parameters

试验参数	进给量/(mm·r⁻¹)	切削深度/mm	转速/(r·min⁻¹)
参数1	0.1	0.50	180
参数2	0.1	0.50	360
参数3	0.1	0.50	560

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表 5 120 h盐雾腐蚀后1～4号试样腐蚀面积统计

Table 5. Corrosion area statistics of samples 1～4 after 120 h salt spray %

	腐蚀面积占比				平均腐蚀面积占比
试样编号	1	2	3	4	平均腐蚀面积占比
A（原样）	3	6	9	11	7.25
B（低Te）	2	2	3	3	2.75
C（高Te）	3	2	0	0	1.25

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表 6 240 h盐雾腐蚀后3～4号试样腐蚀面积统计

Table 6. Corrosion area statistics of sample 3～4 after salt spray for 240 h %

	腐蚀面积占比		平均腐蚀面积占比
试样编号	3	4	平均腐蚀面积占比
A（原样）	11	12	11.5
B（低Te）	4	4	4
C（高Te）	2	2	2

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表 7 硫化物宽度统计

Table 7. Sulfide width statistics μm

试样编号	硫化物平均宽度
A	0.990
B	1.061
C	1.118

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