Study on tensile behavior of SiCf/TC11 composites
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摘要: 采用磁控溅射先驱丝法和热等静压工艺制备SiCf/TC11复合材料，研究了SiCf/TC11复合材料室温和500 ℃拉伸性能及断裂机制。结果表明，SiCf/TC11复合材料室温和500 ℃抗拉强度分别为1 530 MPa和1 553 MPa，明显高于基体TC11钛合金，与TC11钛合金相比，抗拉强度分别提升了～57%和～133%，纤维增强效果显著。通过观察SiCf/TC11复合材料室温、500 ℃拉伸断口和纵剖面断裂特征，指出了室温和500 ℃拉伸断裂机制主要包括反应层多次断裂、纤维一次断裂、纤维多次断裂、纤维-基体界面脱粘、纤维拔出、W芯-SiC界面脱粘、基体断裂、包套断裂等，揭示了SiCf/TC11复合材料室温和500 ℃拉伸载荷下多组元失效断裂过程。Abstract: In this paper, SiCf/TC11 composites were prepared by magnetron sputtering precursor wire method and hot isostatic pressing. Tensile properties and fracture mechanism of SiCf/TC11 composites at room temperature and 500 ℃ were studied. The experimental results show that the tensile strength of SiCf/TC11 composite at room temperature and 500 ℃ are 1 530 MPa and 1 553 MPa, respectively, which are significantly higher than that of the matrix TC11 titanium alloy. Compared with TC11 titanium alloy, the tensile strength increases by ～57% and ～133%, respectively, and the fiber reinforcement effect is remarkable. By observing the fracture characteristics and longitudinal section of SiCf/TC11 composites, it is proposed that the tensile fracture mechanism at room temperature and 500 ℃ mainly includes reaction layer multiple fracture, fiber single fracture, fiber multiple fracture, fiber-matrix interface debonding, fiber pulling out, W core -SiC interface debonding, matrix fracture, sheath fracture, etc. In this paper, the multi-component fracture process of SiCf/TC11 composites under tensile loading at room temperature and 500 ℃ is revealed.
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Key words:
- titanium matrix composite /
- SiC fiber /
- stretching behavior /
- fracture mechanism
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图 1 SiCf/TC11复合材料拉伸性能试样规格（单位：mm）
Figure 1. Sample diagram for tensile test of SiCf/TC11 composite
图 2 热等静压态SiCf/TC11复合材料微观形貌
(a) 横截面全貌；(b) 纤维六角排布；(c) 纤维结构；(d) 纤维/基体界面形貌
Figure 2. Microstructure of SiCf/TC11 composites after hot isostatic pressing
图 3 SiCf/TC11复合材料室温和500 ℃拉伸应力-应变曲线
Figure 3. Tensile stress-strain curves of SiCf/TC11 composites at room temperature and 500 ℃
图 4 SiCf/TC11复合材料室温拉伸断口形貌
(a) 断口全貌；(b)包套断裂形貌；(c)1#区域形貌；(d) 1#区域放大形貌；(e)2 #区域形貌；(f) 2#区域放大形貌
Figure 4. Tensile fracture morphology of SiCf/TC11 composites at room temperature
图 5 SiCf/TC11复合材料500 ℃拉伸断口形貌
(a) 断口全貌；(b) 包套断裂形貌；(c) 断口局部放大形貌；(d) 单根纤维及周围基体形貌；(e) 基体-包套界面脱粘特征；(f) 纤维拔出形貌
Figure 5. Tensile fracture morphology of SiCf/TC11 composites at 500 ℃
图 6 SiCf/TC11复合材料室温纵剖面断口形貌
(a) 纵剖面全貌；(b) 反应层裂纹；(c) 纤维断裂；(d) 基体裂纹
Figure 6. Longitudinal profile fracture morphology of SiCf/TC11 composite at room temperature
图 7 SiCf/TC11复合材料500 ℃纵剖面形貌
(a) 纵剖面全貌；(b) 反应层裂纹；(c) 纤维断裂；(d) 反应层大量裂纹
Figure 7. Fracture morphology of SiCf/TC11 composite at 500 ℃
图 8 SiCf/TC11复合材料的室温拉伸断裂过程示意
Figure 8. Schematic diagram of tensile fracture process of SiCf/TC11 composites at room temperature
图 9 SiCf/TC11 复合材料500 ℃拉伸断裂过程示意
Figure 9. Schematic diagram of tensile fracture process of SiCf/TC11 composite at 500 ℃
表 1 SiCf/TC11复合材料和TC11钛合金拉伸性能
Table 1. Tensile properties of SiCf/TC11 composite and TC11 titanium alloy
材料 温度/℃ 试样数量/支 平均抗拉强度/MPa TC11 25 3 973±19 TC11 500 3 667±18 SiCf/TC11 25 4 1530±16 SiCf/TC11 500 7 1553±18 
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