焦炭粒度对钛渣冶炼影响研究

李凯茂; 肖军; 马勇; 宋兵; 邱淑兴

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.03.006

焦炭粒度对钛渣冶炼影响研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.03.006

李凯茂^1,,
肖军¹,
马勇²,
宋兵¹,
邱淑兴^{1, 3}

1.
攀钢集团研究院有限公司, 钒钛资源综合利用国家重点实验室, 四川攀枝花617000
2.
攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司, 四川攀枝花617000
3.
重庆大学材料科学与工程学院, 重庆 400044

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（52104323）。

详细信息

作者简介:
李凯茂，1984年出生，男，山西大同人，高级工程师，长期从事钛渣冶炼相关研究，E-mail：ybni610@126.com

中图分类号: TF823
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-02-06
- 刊出日期: 2023-06-30

Study on the effect of coke particle size on titanium slag smelting

1.
State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Pangang Group Research Institute Co., Ltd., Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China
2.
Pangang Group Titanium Co., Ltd., Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China
3.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China

摘要

摘要: 根据颗粒在流体中自由沉降运动特点，通过理论计算得到连续加料冶炼钛渣条件下被带出焦炭颗粒粒径最大值为0.06 mm。结合工业上应用情况，得到试验用焦炭粒度范围2～8 mm。基于此，考察了焦炭粒度对钛渣冶炼的影响，结果表明，在功率不变条件下，焦炭粒度偏大、反应相对滞后引起冶炼过程烟气温度、CO浓度波动大，冶炼初期存在电极位置快速上升等问题，导致吨渣焦耗、百吨料耗时、吨渣电耗比基准期分别多24 kg、0.18 h、52.07 kWh；相较而言，功率由17.67 MW/h提升至18.14 MW/h（提升0.47 MW/h）时，热力学和动力学条件得到改善，促进焦炭充分反应，消除炉内残碳量，使冶炼更加稳定，同时吨渣焦耗、吨渣电耗比“未提升功率的试验期”分别降低了26 kg、128.12 kWh；焦炭粒度分布变窄且均匀，有利于钛渣冶炼过程和质量稳定控制，而功率提升可有效降低焦炭粒度相对偏大对钛渣冶炼的不利影响。
- 钛渣；冶炼 /
- 焦炭 /
- 粒度下限 /
- 电耗
Abstract: According to the characteristics of free settling movement of particles in the fluid, the theoretical calculation results show that the maximum size of coke particles taken out under the condition of continuous feeding smelting titanium slag is 0.06 mm. Combined with the industrial application, the size range of coke for test is 2～8 mm. Based on this, the influence of coke particle size on titanium slag smelting was investigated. The results show that under the condition of constant power, the flue gas temperature and CO concentration fluctuate greatly in the smelting process, and the electrode position rises rapidly at the beginning of smelting, which is caused by the large coke particle size and relatively delayed reaction. As a result, the consumption per ton of slag coke, the time consumption per hundred tons of material, and the power consumption per ton of slag are respectively 24 kg, 0.18 h, 52.07 kWh more than the reference period. By contrast, the power is increased from 17.67 MW/h to 18.14 MW/h (increased by 0.47 MW/h), thermodynamic and kinetic conditions are improved, coke is fully reacted, carbon residue in the furnace is eliminated, and smelting is more stable. At the same time, coke consumption per ton of slag and power consumption per ton of slag are reduced by 26 kg and 128.12 kWh respectively compared with "unraised power test period". The narrow and uniform coke particle size distribution is conducive to the titanium slag smelting process and quality stability control, while the increase of power can effectively reduce the adverse effect of relatively large coke particle size on titanium slag smelting.
- titanium slag , smelting /
- coke /
- lower limit of particle size /
- power consumption

HTML全文

图 1 冶炼开始阶段电极位置变化

Figure 1. Change of electrode position at the beginning of smelting

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图 2 铁水中C含量变化趋势

Figure 2. Change trend of C content in molten iron

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表 1 酸溶性钛渣的成分指标

Table 1. The component index of acid-soluble titanium slag %

∑TiO₂	TiO₂	FeO	Ti₃O₅
74.55	57.03	5.78	16.35

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表 2 钛精矿主要化学成分

Table 2. Main chemical composition of titanium concentrate %

TiO₂	FeO	Fe₂O₃	SiO₂	CaO	MgO	S
47.73	36.33	5.33	2.53	0.765	3.58	0.18

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表 3 焦炭成分及粒度指标

Table 3. Coke composition and grain size index %

类别	Fcd	Ad	Vd	S	占比
类别	Fcd	Ad	Vd	S	+8 mm	+2 mm～8 mm	−2 mm
基准期	83.95	14.49	1.41	0.74	7.04	52.50	40.46
试验期	83.53	14.94	1.40	0.70	5.50	90.57	3.93

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表 4 纯气体和混合气体流量及体积百分数指标

Table 4. Flow and volume percent indexes of pure gas and mixed gas

气体	流量/(m³·h⁻¹)	体积百分数/ %	摩尔质量/(g·mol⁻¹)
CO	1636.72	81.86	28
CH₄	26.58	1.33	16
CO₂	86.14	4.31	44
N₂	250.00	12.50	28
混合气体	1999.44	100.00	28.53

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表 5 纯气体和混合气体粘度

Table 5. Viscosity of pure gas and mixed gas

气体组分	C	K	温度范围/K	高温下气体粘度/(Pa·s)
CO	145.4424	15.21555	273～1300	4.93×10⁻⁵
CO₂	276.2054	16.72158	238～973	4.06×10⁻⁵
CH₄	166.3868	10.14328	77～1050	2.84×10⁻⁵
N₂	192.8608	15.53529	871～1552	5.44×10⁻⁵
O₂	237.9236	19.15405	758～1700	6.93×10⁻⁵
H₂	151.8340	7.396744	321～1060	2.11×10⁻⁵
混合气体				4.93×10⁻⁵

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表 6 钛渣电炉主要技术参数

Table 6. Main technical parameters of titanium slag electric furnace

变压器容量/MW	炉膛直径/mm	挂渣层厚度/mm	电极直径/mm	出渣口数量/个	出铁口数量/个	煤气回收工艺
25.5	9800	1000	1000	1	1	干法除尘

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表 7 电极位置标准差及标准差的方差

Table 7. Standard deviation of electrode position and variance of standard deviation

类别	标准差平均值/mm	标准差的方差/mm²
基准期	349.49	5340.54
试验期1	331.13	4043.09
试验期2	325.92	1743.48

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表 8 烟气温度及CO浓度

Table 8. Flue gas temperature and CO concentration

类别	烟气温度			CO浓度
类别	平均值 / ℃	标准差平均值	标准差的方差	平均值 /%	标准差平均值	标准差的方差
基准期	331.20	55.54	56.51	33.78	13.91	2.50
试验期1	335.72	50.10	157.49	31.68	12.76	3.32
试验期2	326.29	41.96	33.39	34.60	12.61	1.97

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表 9 主要冶炼指标

Table 9. Main smelting indexes

类别	吨渣焦耗/t	功率/(MW·h⁻¹)	百吨料耗时/h	吨渣电耗/kWh
基准期	0.143	17.64	7.15	2287.46
试验期1	0.167	17.67	7.33	2339.53
试验期2	0.141	18.14	6.80	2211.41

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