钒钛铁尾矿制备硅酸钙隔声板材及其性能研究

王长龙; 荆牮霖; 齐洋; 张岳文; 郑永超; 马锦涛; 平浩岩; 翟玉新; 刘枫

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.03.016

钒钛铁尾矿制备硅酸钙隔声板材及其性能研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.03.016

王长龙^{1, 2,},
荆牮霖¹,
齐洋^{1, 2},
张岳文^1, ,,
郑永超²,
马锦涛¹,
平浩岩¹,
翟玉新³,
刘枫⁴

1.
河北工程大学土木工程学院, 河北邯郸 056038
2.
北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司, 固废资源化利用与节能建材国家重点实验室, 北京 100041
3.
中铁建设集团有限公司, 北京 100040
4.
中铁建设集团建筑发展有限公司, 河北保定 074207

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2021YFC1910605）；河北省自然科学基金（E2020402079）；河北省科技重大专项项目（21283804Z）；中铁建设集团有限公司科技研发计划（22-14b, 22-11b）；固废资源化利用与节能国家重点实验室开放基金（SWR-2023-007）。

详细信息

作者简介:
王长龙，1977年出生，男，黑龙江七台河人，教授，博导，主要从事固体废弃物资源化利用，E-mail：baistuwong@139.com

通讯作者:
张岳文，1979年出生，男，安徽合肥人，讲师，硕士，主要从事固废基绿色建材，E-mail：zhangyuewen@hebeu.edu.cn

中图分类号: X757,TU55
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-06-30

Preparation and properties of calcium silicate sound insulation board from vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings

1.
School of Civil Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, Hebei, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials, Beijing Building Materials Academy of Science Research, Beijing 100041, China
3.
China Railway Construction Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100040, China
4.
Construction Development Co., Ltd., China Railway Construction Group, Baoding 074207, Hebei, China

摘要

摘要: 为了促进胶凝活性弱的钒钛铁尾矿的综合利用，研究以钒钛铁尾矿为主要原料制备硅酸钙隔声板材。通过粒度分析、力学性能测试等手段，首先研究了钒钛铁尾矿的粉磨特性，而后以钒钛铁尾矿、硅灰、水泥为原料，制备复合胶凝材料，再添加废橡胶粉和钢纤维为增强材料，采用蒸汽养护的方式来制备硅酸钙隔声板材，并探索增强材料以及层结构对硅酸钙隔声板材性能的影响。结果表明，碱熔能有效促进钒钛铁尾矿中硅、铝活性的提高，Si⁴⁺和Al³⁺最高浓度分别为17.27、6.80 mg/L；当复合胶凝材料配合比为钒钛铁尾矿∶水泥∶硅灰=2∶7∶1，胶砂比为1∶3，水胶比为0.5，28 d抗压强度为39.7 MPa。钒钛铁尾矿所制备的硅酸钙隔声板材中，单层隔声板材中单掺钢纤维0.93%时，抗折强度为8.0 MPa；单掺橡胶粉1%（体积分数）时，抗折强度为8.8 MPa；复合添加（钢纤维1.6%，橡胶粉3%）时，其抗折强度为6.1 MPa。分层浇筑不同配料料浆制备的多层结构板材，抗折强度最高值为8.2 MPa。钒钛铁尾矿制备的硅酸钙隔声板材，其抗折强度符合GB/T 7019-2014和JC/T 564.1-2018标准要求。
- 钒钛铁尾矿 /
- 硅酸钙隔声板材 /
- 复合胶凝材料 /
- 增强材料 /
- 层结构
Abstract: In order to promote the comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings (VTIOTs) with weak gelling activity, the preparation of calcium silicate sound insulation board (CSSB) using VTIOTs as the main raw material was investigated. Through particle size analysis, mechanical properties and other testing methods, the grinding characteristics of VTIOTs were studied, then composite cementitious materials (CCM) were prepared with VTIOTs, silica fume and cement, and then CSSB were prepared by steam curing with waste rubber powder and steel fiber as reinforcement materials, and the effects of reinforcement materials and layer structure on the properties of CSSB were explored. The results show that alkali melting can effectively improve the activity of silicon and aluminum in VTIOTs, and the highest concentrations of Si⁴⁺and Al³⁺are 17.27 mg/L and 6.80 mg/L, respectively. When the mix proportion of CCM∶VTIOTs∶cement∶SF = 2∶7∶1, the cement sand ratio = 1∶3, the water cement ratio = 0.5, and the 28-day compressive strength is 39.7 MPa. For the CSSB prepared from VTIOTs, when the volume content of steel fiber or rubber powder in the single layer sound insulation plate is 0.93% or 1%, the flexural strength reaches 8.0 MPa and 8.8 MPa, respectively, while for the dual addition the flexural strength is 6.1 MPa. The maximum flexural strength of multilayer structural plates prepared by pouring slurry with different ingredients in layers is 8.2 MPa. The flexural strength of CSSB prepared from VTIOTs meets the requirements of GB/T 7019-2014 and JC/T 564.1-2018 standard.
- vanadium titanium iron ore tailings /
- calcium silicate sound insulation board /
- composite cementitious materials /
- reinforcing material /
- layer structure

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图 1 原料的XRD图谱

（a）钒钛铁尾矿；（b）硅灰

Figure 1. XRD patterns of raw materials

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图 2 原料的粒度分布

（a）钒钛铁尾矿；（b）硅灰

Figure 2. Particle distribution of raw materials

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图 3 不同粉磨时间钒钛铁尾矿的粒度分布

Figure 3. Particle distribution of VTIOTs with different grinding time

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图 4 钒钛铁尾矿比表面积和特征粒径与粉磨时间的相关性

Figure 4. Correlation between specific surface area and characteristic particle size of VTIOTs and grinding time

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图 5 硅铝离子的浸出浓度对比

Figure 5. Comparison of leaching concentration of Si⁴⁺ and Al³⁺ in VTIOTs

（a）Si⁴⁺；（b）Al³⁺

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图 6 钒钛铁尾矿掺量对复合胶凝材料强度的影响

Figure 6. Effect of VTIOTs content on the compressive strength of CCM

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图 7 钢纤维掺量对硅酸钙隔声板材性能的影响

Figure 7. Effect of steel fiber content on the properties of CSSB

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图 8 废橡胶粉掺量对硅酸钙隔声板材性能的影响

Figure 8. Effect of waste rubber powder content on the properties of CSSB

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图 9 钢纤维-废橡胶粉掺量对硅酸钙隔声板材性能的影响

Figure 9. Effect of steel fiber-waste rubber powder content on the properties of CSSB

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图 10 不同层结构对硅酸钙隔声板材性能的影响

Figure 10. Effect of different layer structures on the properties of CSSB

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表 1 原材料化学成分

Table 1. Chemical compositions of the raw materials %

原料	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	CaO	Fe₂O₃	TiO₂	P₂O₅	MgO	K₂O	Na₂O	SO₃	LOI
钒钛铁尾矿	43.20	7.63	21.93	10.95	0.91		11.26	0.30	0.56	0.09	3.17
硅灰	93.50	0.94	0.08	0.10		0.81	0.54	0.26	0.24	0.12	3.41
水泥	4.68	10.95	61.67	0.30	0.34	0.15	2.79	0.06		17.06	2.00

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表 2 复合胶凝材料配合比

Table 2. Mix proportion of CCM

试验编号	水泥/g	钒钛铁尾矿/g	硅灰/g	液体与粘合剂的比率	砂与粘合剂的比率
A₀	450			0.5	3.0
A₁	315	135		0.5	3.0
A₂	315	90	45	0.5	3.0

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表 3 掺加钢纤维制备硅酸钙隔声板材的配合比

Table 3. The mix ratio of CSSB prepared by mixing steel fibers

试验编号	水泥/g	尾矿粉/g	硅灰/g	尾矿砂/g	水/g	钢纤维 (体积分数)/%
S0	560	160	80	1200	160	0
S1	560	160	80	1200	160	0.93
S2	560	160	80	1200	160	1.60
S3	560	160	80	1200	160	2.27

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表 4 掺加废橡胶粉制备硅酸钙隔声板材的配合比

Table 4. The mix ratio of CSSB prepared by mixing waste rubber powder

试验编号	水泥/g	尾矿粉/g	硅灰/g	尾矿砂/g	水/g	橡胶粉/%
R0	560	160	80	1200	160	0
R1	560	160	80	1200	160	1
R2	560	160	80	1200	160	3
R3	560	160	80	1200	160	5

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表 5 掺加钢纤维和废橡胶粉制备硅酸钙隔声板材的配合比

Table 5. The mix ratio of CSSB prepared by mixing steel fiber and waste rubber powder

试验编号	水泥/g	尾矿粉/g	硅灰/g	尾矿砂/g	水/g	钢纤维(体积分数)%	橡胶粉/ %
SR0	560	160	80	1200	160	0	0
SR1	560	160	80	1200	160	0.93	3
SR2	560	160	80	1200	160	1.60	3
SR3	560	160	80	1200	160	2.27	3
SR4	560	160	80	1200	160	0.93	7
SR5	560	160	80	1200	160	1.60	7
SR6	560	160	80	1200	160	2.27	7

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表 6 不同层结构硅酸钙隔声板材的配合比

Table 6. The mix ratio of CSSB with different layer structures

试验编号	水泥/g	尾矿粉/g	硅灰/g	尾矿砂/g	水/g	钢纤维(体积分数)/%	橡胶粉/%
试验编号	水泥/g	尾矿粉/g	硅灰/g	尾矿砂/g	水/g	钢纤维(体积分数)/%	1	2	3
L1-0	560	160	80	1200	160	0	0
L2-1	280	80	40	600	80	1.60	0	3
L2-2	280	80	40	600	80	1.60	0	7
L2-3	280	80	40	600	80	2.27	0	3
L2-4	280	80	40	600	80	2.27	0	7
L3-1	186.7	53.3	26.7	400	53.3	1.60	0	3	0
L3-2	186.7	53.3	26.7	400	53.3	1.60	0	7	0
L3-3	186.7	53.3	26.7	400	53.3	2.27	0	3	0
L3-4	186.7	53.3	26.7	400	53.3	2.27	0	7	0

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