Study of the heating rate effect on the oxidation kinetics of the corrosion-resistant rebar
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摘要: 通过热重分析方法和显微结构观察，研究了耐腐蚀钢筋不同加热速率下的氧化规律，并与等温氧化过程做了对比。结果表明，不同加热速率下钢筋的显微组织并没有明显差异，但是氧化层厚度随着加热速率的减小而增加。当加热速率小于10 ℃/min时，氧化层呈现明显的双层结构，但当加热速度为20 ℃/min时，氧化层几乎呈现单层结构。通过恒速加热试验建立了一种新的氧化活化能计算方法，与等温氧化试验所得值相比，加热速率为5、10、20 ℃/min时的相对误差分别为4.14%、5.12%和32.13%，因此，为了保证新方法的精度，试验需在较低的加热速率下进行。Abstract: The oxidation behavior of corrosion-resistant rebar at various heating rates in air was studied by thermogravimetric analysis and microstructural observation, and the results were compared with those of isothermal oxidation. It is showed that there were no significant microstructural differences at different heating rates, but the oxidation thickness increased with the decrement of the heating rate. Meanwhile, the oxide scale displayed a two-layer structure when the heating rates were under 10 ℃/min, but there was almost a single layer of the oxide at the heating rate of 20 ℃/min. A new calculation method for the oxidising activation energy was established through the constant heating rate tests. The relative errors of the heat rates of 5, 10 ℃/min, and 20 ℃/min were 4.14%, 5.12%, and 32.13% respectively, compared to the values obtained by the isothermal oxidation tests. Thus, in order to ensure the accuracy of the new method, tests should be carried out at comparatively low heating rates.
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图 2 不同加热速率下的微观形貌
Figure 2. Optical microstructure of the rebar with different heating rates
图 3 不同加热速率下的氧化动力学曲线
Figure 3. Oxidation kinetics curves of the experimental steels at various heating rates
图 4 不同温度下试验钢的等温氧化增重曲线
Figure 4. Isothermal oxidation weight gain curves of the experimental steels at various temperatures
图 5 试验钢的
$\ln k$ -${{10\;000} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{10 000} T}} \right. } T}$ 关系曲线Figure 5. Relationship curves of
$\ln k$ and${{10\;000} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{10000} T}} \right. } T}$ for the testing steels
图 6 20 ℃/min的速率加热过程中温度和奥氏体含量的变化
Figure 6. Changes of temperature and austenite content during heating at the heating rate of 20 ℃/min
图 7 不同加热速率下的
$\ln \left( {{m \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {m S}} \right. } S}} \right) + \ln \left( {\dfrac{{d\left( {{m \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {m S}} \right. } S}} \right)}}{{dT}}} \right)$ -$\dfrac{1}{T}$ 关系Figure 7. Relationship of
$\ln \left( {{m \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {m S}} \right. } S}} \right) + \ln \left( {\dfrac{{d\left( {{m \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {m S}} \right. } S}} \right)}}{{dT}}} \right)$ and$\dfrac{1}{T}$ at different heating rates表 1 钢筋成分控制
Table 1. Chemical composition of the rebar
% C Si Mn P S Cu Cr V 0.17～0.21 0.3～0.6 1.1～1.5 0.06～0.15 ＜0.03 0.2～0.6 0.2～1 0.02～0.05 
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表 2 不同阶段的氧化速率常数
Table 2. Oxidation rate constants in different stages
温度/ ℃ k×104/ (kg·m−4·s−1) R2 900 7.590 0.985 950 14.700 0.988 1000 24.500 0.982
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表 3 不同氧化试验获得的活化能
Table 3. Activation energy obtained under different testing conditions
氧化方式 加热速率/(℃·min−1) 活化能/(kJ·mol−1) 相对误差/% 等温 145.66 恒速 5 151.68 4.14 恒速 10 138.20 5.12 恒速 20 99.86 32.13
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