Research on properties of air-quenched steel slag abrasives with different particle sizes
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摘要: 以固态钢渣为原料，经电弧炉高温重熔后，采用气淬法制备了不同粒径的钢渣。对比不同粒径气淬钢渣在物相组成、显微结构、表观密度、形貌特征以及硬度方面的异同，并分析气淬钢渣用作喷砂磨料的可行性，选择磨料性能较好的气淬钢渣进行喷砂试验。结果表明，不同粒径气淬钢渣的物相组成基本一致，主要为硅酸钙相和方镁石相；表观密度随着粒径增大而减小，均符合非金属磨料的密度标准；五个粒径的气淬钢渣维氏硬度（HV）平均值均超过588，适合用作喷砂磨料。综合考虑不同粒径下气淬钢渣磨料的性能和喷砂效果，0.5～1.0 mm的气淬钢渣最适合用作喷砂磨料。Abstract: Using solid steel slag as raw material, steel slag with different particle sizes was prepared by air quenching after high-temperature remelting in an electric arc furnace. the differences and similarities of air-quenched steel slag with different particle sizes in terms of phase composition, microstructure, apparent density, morphological characteristics and hardness were compared, and the feasibility of using air-quenched steel slag as sandblasting abrasive was analyzed. The air-quenched steel slag with better abrasive properties was selected for sandblasting experiment. The results show that the phase composition of air-quenched steel slag is similar, mainly calcium silicate phase and cubic magnesite. The apparent density decreases with the increase of particle size, which conforms to the density standard of nonmetallic abrasives. The average Vickers hardness of the five particle sizes of air-quenched steel slag is more than 588, which is suitable for abrasive blasting. Considering the performance and blasting effect of different particle sizes of air-quenched steel slag, 0.5～1.0 mm air-quenched steel slag is the most suitable for abrasive blasting.
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Key words:
- air-quenched steel slag /
- sandblasting abrasive /
- particle sizes /
- apparent density /
- hardness
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图 2 不同粒径下气淬钢渣的XRD图谱
Figure 2. XRD pattern of air-quenched steel slag with different particle sizes
图 3 不同粒径气淬钢渣的SEM形貌
Figure 3. SEM images of air-quenched steel slag with different particle sizes
图 4 不同粒径气淬钢渣的表观形貌
Figure 4. Apparent morphology of air-quenched steel slag with different particle sizes
图 5 不同粒径范围内气淬钢渣的维氏硬度
Figure 5. Vickers hardness of air-quenched steel slag in different particle size range
表 1 钢渣的主要化学成分
Table 1. Main chemical compositions of steel slags
% 样品 CaO SiO2 MgO Al2O3 TFe FeO Fe2O3 MFe TiO2 转炉钢渣 38.52 13.96 11.92 6.02 17 1.88 20.2 1.4 0.74 气淬钢渣 47.06 18.52 14.68 3.16 6.04 3.58 1.21 
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表 2 气淬钢渣的表观密度
Table 2. Apparent density of air-quenched steel slag
粒径范围/mm 表观密度/(g·cm−3) 0.2～0.5 3.299 0.5～1.0 3.164 1.0～1.4 3.129 1.4～2.0 3.100 2.0～2.8 3.069
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钢渣特种型砂 炼铁炉渣 石榴石 钢砂 棕刚玉 铜炉渣 3.70 3.00～3.30 4.10 7.40 3.90 3.40～3.60
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表 4 工件喷砂前后的表面粗糙度
Table 4. Surface roughness of workpiece before and after sandblasting
粒径范围/mm 表面粗糙度/μm 备注 Ra Rz 喷砂前 0.104 0.520 锈蚀工件 0.2～0.5 2.596 18.363 喷砂后 0.5～1.0 3.370 20.178 喷砂后 1.0～1.4 5.076 33.297 喷砂后
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