钛铁矿浮选动力学测试及分析

马宠涵; 樊学赛; 陈飞飞

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.05.002

钛铁矿浮选动力学测试及分析

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.05.002

北矿机电科技有限责任公司, 北京 100160

基金项目: 十四五重点研发项目（面向战略矿产选冶过程智能化关键共性技术-战略矿产资源智能（可穿戴）选冶过程数据感知元器件与产品，2021YFC2902702）。

详细信息

作者简介:
马宠涵，1993年出生，男，吉林辽源人，硕士，助理工程师，主要从事选矿设备设计及研究工作，E-mail：machonghan@bgrimm.com

中图分类号: TF823,TD923
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-21
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-04
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-31

Flotation dynamics test and analysis for ilmenite

BGRIMM Machinery & Automation Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100160, China

摘要

摘要: 磁选加浮选逐渐成为钛铁矿综合回收的最佳工艺流程，浮选回收面临着矿石比重大、粒度粗、矿浆浓度高（约65%）、作业产率大等特点。针对某厂现有浮选流程，进行了选钛浮选机浮选动力学测试及分析。空气分散度测试表明各台浮选机空气分散度偏小，空气在槽体截面上分散不均，同时吸浆槽浮选机空气分散度明显小于直流槽，空气分散效果不理想；气泡负载率测试表明粗粒级矿物上升运输过程中脱落概率大，回收效果较差；矿浆悬浮能力测试表明浮选机均存在明显的矿浆分层现象，即距溢流堰1100 mm以下矿浆浓度相差不大，随着距溢流堰深度减小，浓度明显下降，近溢流堰区域的矿浆浓度明显小于叶轮区域；浮选机气含率分布不均匀，表明浮选机操作过程中缺乏规律，不能够保证矿物颗粒与气泡间的碰撞、粘附概率。
- 钛铁矿 /
- 浮选 /
- 空气分散度 /
- 气泡负载率 /
- 气含率 /
- 矿浆悬浮
Abstract: Magnetic separation plus flotation has gradually become the best process for comprehensive recovery of ilmenite. Flotation recovery is faced with the characteristics of large specific ore, coarse particle size, high slurry concentration (ca. 65%), and high mass pull. According to the existing flotation process, the flotation dynamics test and analysis of the titanium flotation equipment were carried out. The air dispersion test shows that the air dispersion of each flotation equipment is low, and the air is unevenly dispersed on the cross section of the tank. At the same time, the air dispersion of the slurry suction flotation cell is obviously lower than that of the direct flow tank, and the effect of air dispersion is not good enough. The bubble loading rate test shows that the coarse-grained minerals have a high probability of falling off during the upward transportation process, and the recovery effect is poor. The slurry suspension test shows that there is obvious slurry stratification phenomenon in all flotation equipment, that is, the slurry concentration is not much different below 1100 mm from the overflow weir. As the depth from the overflow weir decreased, the concentration decreased significantly. The slurry concentration in the area near the overflow weir is obviously lower than that in the area of the impeller. The uneven distribution of gas holdup in the flotation equipment indicates that there is no regularity in the operation of the flotation equipment, and the probability of collision and adhesion between mineral particles and air bubbles cannot be guaranteed.
- ilmenite /
- flotation /
- air dispersion /
- air bubble loading rate /
- air holdup /
- slurry suspension

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图 1 Ⅳ系列选钛浮选机平面布置

Figure 1. Series Ⅳ titanium flotation cell layout

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图 2 Ⅰ系列选钛浮选机平面布置

Figure 2. Series Ⅰ titanium flotation cell layout

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图 3 排水集气法充气量测试示意（单位：mm）

Figure 3. Schematic diagrams of aeration volume test using drainage and gas collection method

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图 4 浮选机空气分散度及充气量测量点

Figure 4. Flotation cell air dispersion and aeration measurement points

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图 5 泡沫负载率测试点

Figure 5. Measurement positions of air bubble loading

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图 6 粗选第2槽泡沫负载粒级筛析结果

Figure 6. The results of the second tank of Rougher froth load particle size screening

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图 7 扫选Ⅰ第2槽泡沫负载粒级筛析结果

Figure 7. The results of the second tank of Scavenger Ⅰ froth load particle size screening

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图 8 扫选Ⅱ第2槽泡沫负载粒级筛析结果

Figure 8. The results of the second Scavenger Ⅱ froth load particle size screening

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图 9 精选Ⅰ第2槽泡沫负载粒级筛析结果

Figure 9. The results of the second tank of Cleaner Ⅰ froth load particle size screening

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图 10 Ⅳ系列深槽取样示意（单位：mm）

Figure 10. Schematic diagram of Series Ⅳ deep cell sampling

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图 11 Ⅰ系列深槽取样示意（单位：mm）

Figure 11. Schematic diagram of Series Ⅰ deep cell sampling

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表 1 Ⅳ系列各槽充气量J_g及空气分散度η

Table 1. Series Ⅳ Air filling volume J_g and air dispersion η of each tank

作业名称	浮选机序号	充气量 J_g /[m³·(m²·min)⁻¹]	空气分散度 η
粗选	1	0.68	0.82
	2	0.70	0.79
	3	0.76	0.93
	4	0.37	1.6
扫选Ⅰ	1	0.31	0.77
	2	0.18	1.46
扫选Ⅱ	1	0.41	0.69
精选Ⅰ	1	0.62	3.11
	2	0.53	1.23
	3	0.13	0.83
精选Ⅱ	1	0.83	0.68
	2	0.79	0.65
精选Ⅲ	1	0.72	0.77
精选Ⅳ	1	1.63	0.81

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表 2 Ⅰ系列各槽充气量J_g

Table 2. Series Ⅰ Air filling volume J_g of each tank

作业名称	浮选机序号	充气量J_g /[m³·(m²·min)⁻¹]
粗选	1	0.53
	2	0.74
	3	0.90
	4	0.81
扫选Ⅰ	1	0.77
	2	0.43
	3	0.26
扫选Ⅱ	1	0.73
	2	0.36
精选Ⅰ	1	0.87
	2	0.40
	3	0.30
精选Ⅱ	1	0.64
	2	0.49
精选Ⅲ	1	0.86
	2	0.60
	3	0.43
精选Ⅳ	1	1.01
	2	0.82

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表 3 气泡负载率分布

Table 3. Air bubble loading distribution

距溢流堰深度/mm	粗选		扫选Ⅰ		扫选Ⅱ		精选Ⅰ
距溢流堰深度/mm	TiO₂品位/%	气泡负载率/(g·L⁻¹)	TiO₂品位/%	气泡负载率/(g·L⁻¹)	TiO₂品位/%	气泡负载率/(g·L⁻¹)	TiO₂品位/%	气泡负载率/(g·L⁻¹)
270	44.79	53.65	37.19	36.00	29.34	18.27	48.15	251.37
640	44.42	67.37	33.36	60.34	30.26	67.71	49.14	249.5
1010	45.65	49.74	32.57	69.67	27.71	91.07	48.46	415.95

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表 4 Ⅳ系列各作业第2台浮选机矿浆浓度

Table 4. Series Ⅳ slurry concentration of the second flotation machine in each operation

距溢流堰深度/mm	矿浆浓度/%
距溢流堰深度/mm	粗选	扫选Ⅰ	扫选Ⅱ	精选Ⅰ	精选Ⅱ	精选Ⅲ	精选Ⅳ
600	25.87	14.84	15.24	23.09	26.18	18.94	27.65
1100	36.45	15.52	26.98	24.47	26.19	24.06	30.31
1600	51.77	38.59	43.77	33.05	31.22	42.98	38.17
2100	52.53	41.39	46.08	38.15	31.15	46.71	44.09

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表 5 I系列各作业第2台浮选机矿浆浓度

Table 5. Series Ⅴ slurry concentration of the second flotation machine in each operation

距溢流堰深度/mm	矿浆浓度/%
距溢流堰深度/mm	粗选	扫选I	精选I	精选III
500	36.04	24.22	23.92	30.78
900	37.88	29.14	25.54	33.45
1300	38.09	30.34	27.56	37.49

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表 6 各作业气含率测试及浮选时间核算结果

Table 6. Gas holdup test and flotation time calculation results of each bank

作业名称	设备型号	浮选容积/m³	气含率/%	泡沫层厚度/mm	容积系数	处理量/ (m³·h⁻¹)	核算浮选时间/min
粗选	X/K-16	64	6.3	220	0.84	238.1	13.56
扫选I	X/K-16	32	4.2	110	0.90	169.56	10.30
扫选II	X/K-16	16	4	70	0.92	131.92	6.76
精选I	X/K-16	48	10.4	110	0.85	134.41	18.17
精选II	X/K-16	32	6.3	410	0.76	105.48	13.79
精选III	XCF-16	16	6.3	400	0.76	143.18	5.11
精选IV	XCF-16	16	10.2	540	0.66	122.7	5.18

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