青海某低品位难选铁矿选矿试验研究

罗云波; 肖金雄; 石云良; 谢宝华

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.05.005

青海某低品位难选铁矿选矿试验研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.05.005

罗云波^{1, 2, 3,},
肖金雄⁴,
石云良⁴,
谢宝华^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
广州粤有研矿物资源科技有限公司, 广东广州 510651
2.
稀有金属分离与综合利用国家重点试验室, 广东广州 510651
3.
广东省科学院资源利用与稀土开发研究所, 广东广州 510651
4.
长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司, 湖南长沙 410012

详细信息

作者简介:
罗云波，1987年出生，男，湖南东安人，工程师，主要从事选矿工艺及药剂研发， E-mail：635921756@qq.com

通讯作者:
谢宝华，1989年出生，男，江西瑞金人，工程师，主要从事矿物加工工程及资源综合利用方面的研究，E-mail：xie19890411@qq.com

中图分类号: TD951
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-14
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-04
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-31

Experimental study on beneficiation of a low-grade refractory iron ore in Qinghai province

Luo Yunbo^{1, 2, 3
,},
Xiao Jinxiong⁴,
Shi Yunliang⁴,
Xie Baohua^{1, 2, 3
, ,}

1.
Guangzhou Yueyouyan Mineral Resources Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510651, Guangdong, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Separation and Comprehensive Utilization of Rare Metal, Guangzhou 510651, Guangdong, China
3.
Institute of Resource Utilization and Rare Earth Development, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510651, Guangdong, China
4.
Changsha Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Co., Ltd, Changsha 410012, Hunan, China

摘要

摘要: 针对青海某难选铁矿石铁品位较低，磁铁矿嵌布粒度细，与脉石矿物关系复杂的特点，采用干抛—阶段磨矿—阶段磁选的工艺流程进行试验研究，该工艺流程的主要特点是在干抛和一段磨矿作业时可以抛掉大量的尾矿，大幅度降低后续磨矿作业的入磨量。结果表明，经过四段磨矿，在最终磨矿细度−0.025 mm占95.15%时，可以获得含TFe 64.10％，TFe回收率为70.45%的铁精矿，较好地实现了该低品位难选铁矿的回收。同时，分析了四段铁精矿中的磁铁矿仍有少部分呈铁的贫连生体产出，其组成是影响铁精矿品位难以进一步提高的主要原因。
- 低品位铁矿石 /
- 嵌布粒度 /
- 干抛 /
- 阶段磨矿—阶段磁选 /
- 反浮选
Abstract: Aiming at the characteristics of low iron grade, fine distribution size of magnetite and complex relationship with gangue minerals of a refractory iron ore in Qinghai province, the technological process of dry throw-stage grinding and stage magnetic separation was adopted for experimental study. The main feature of this technological process is that a large amount of tailings can be discarded during dry throw-stage grinding and the subsequent grinding operation can greatly reduce the grinding amount. The results show that after four stages of grinding, iron concentrate containing TFe grade of 64.10% and TFe recovery rate of 70.45% can be obtained when the final grinding fineness of −0.025 mm is 95.15%. The recovery of the low-grade refractory iron ore is better realized. At the same time, it is analyzed that a small part of magnetite in the iron concentrate of the fourth section is mainly produced as iron-poor auxiliaries, and its composition is the main reason that it is difficult to further improve the grade of iron concentrate.
- low-grade iron ore /
- embedding granularity /
- dry discarding tailings /
- stage grinding and stage magnetic separation /
- reverse flotation

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图 1 试验原则流程

Figure 1. Test principle flow-chart

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图 2 干抛试验流程

Figure 2. The flow-chart of dry throw separation test

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图 3 一段/二段磨矿—弱磁选条件试验流程

Figure 3. The condition test flow-chart of the first/second stage grinding and low intensity magnetic separation

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图 4 一段磨矿细度试验结果

Figure 4. Fineness test results of the first stage grinding

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图 5 一段磁场强度试验结果

Figure 5. Results of the first stage magnetic field strength test

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图 6 二段磨矿细度试验结果

Figure 6. Fineness test results of the second stage grinding

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图 7 二段磁场强度试验结果

Figure 7. Results of the second stage magnetic field strength test

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图 8 三段/四段磨矿—弱磁选条件试验流程

Figure 8. The conditiontest flow-chart of the third/fourth stage grinding-low intensity magnetic separation

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图 9 三段磨矿细度试验结果

Figure 9. Fineness test results of the third stage grinding

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图 10 三段磁场强度试验结果

Figure 10. Results of the third magnetic field strength test

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图 11 四段磨矿细度试验结果

Figure 11. Fineness test results of the fourth stage grinding

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图 12 四段磁场强度试验结果

Figure 12. Results of the fourth magnetic field strength test

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图 13 微脉状磁铁矿（M，棕灰白色）与铬尖晶石嵌连构成铁的极贫连生体

Figure 13. Microvein magnetite (M, brown gray white) intercalated with chromium spinel to form an extremely poor synthetical body of iron

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表 1 原矿化学多元素分析结果

Table 1. Results of chemical multi-element analysis of run-of-mine %

TFe	FeO	Fe₂O₃	Ni	Cr₂O₃	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	CaO	MgO	P	S	烧失	TFe/FeO	碱性系数
13.44	4.94	13.41	0.26	0.70	33.35	0.55	0.62	33.36	0.005	0.024	12.67	2.72	1.00

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表 2 铁化学物相分析结果

Table 2. Results of iron chemical phase analysis %

铁相	磁铁矿中铁	假象赤铁矿中铁	赤（褐）铁矿中铁	碳酸盐中铁	硫化物中铁	硅酸盐中铁	合计
含量	9.75	1.22	1.06	0.31	0.02	1.08	13.44
分布率	72.54	9.08	7.89	2.31	0.15	8.04	100.00

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表 3 矿石主要矿物的含量

Table 3. Main mineral content of ore %

磁铁矿	磁赤铁矿	镍黄铁矿	铬尖晶石	蛇纹石	辉石、角闪石、橄榄石	滑石、绿泥石	其它
14.6	1.7	微量	1.4	61.4	16.1	4.6	0.2

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表 4 磁铁矿的嵌布粒度结果

Table 4. The distribution size of magnetite

粒级/ mm	分布率/%	累计分布率/%	粒级 /mm	分布率/%	累计分布率/%
≥+0.59	12.88	12.88	−0.074～+0.052	7.48	78.58
−0.59～+0.42	6.11	18.99	−0.052～+0.037	7.66	86.24
−0.42～+0.30	7.32	26.31	−0.037～+0.026	5.86	92.10
−0.30～+0.21	9.66	35.97	−0.026～+0.019	3.35	95.45
−0.21～+0.15	11.64	47.61	−0.019～+0.013	1.69	97.14
−0.15～+0.105	12.41	60.02	−0.013～+0.010	1.48	98.62
−0.105～+0.074	11.08	71.10	≤-0.010	1.38	100.00

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表 5 干抛试验结果

Table 5. Results of dry throw separation test

粒级/mm	产品名称	产率/%	品位/%		回收率/%
粒级/mm	产品名称	产率/%	TFe	MFe	TFe	MFe
−6	干抛精矿	78.26	15.90	12.08	92.59	97.01
	干抛尾矿	21.74	4.58	1.34	7.41	2.99
	原矿	100.00	13.44	9.75	100.00	100.00
−12	干抛精矿	84.32	14.50	11.10	90.96	96.04
	干抛尾矿	15.68	7.75	2.46	9.04	3.96
	原矿	100.00	13.44	9.75	100.00	100.00

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表 6 反浮选探索试验结果

Table 6. Reverse flotation test results

药剂种类及用量/(g·t⁻¹)		产品名称	TFe作业产率/%	TFe品位/%	TFe作业回收率/%
RA-715	100	浮选精矿	74.25	64.57	74.79
		浮选尾矿	25.75	62.74	25.21
		给矿	100.00	64.10	100.00
	200	浮选精矿	50.64	64.73	51.14
		浮选尾矿	49.36	63.45	48.86
		给矿	100.00	64.10	100.00
	400	浮选精矿	33.22	64.84	33.60
		浮选尾矿	66.78	63.73	66.40
		给矿	100.00	64.10	100.00
十二胺	100	浮选精矿	68.48	64.61	69.02
		浮选尾矿	31.52	62.99	30.98
		给矿	100.00	64.10	100.00
	200	浮选精矿	48.58	64.79	49.10
		浮选尾矿	51.42	63.45	50.90
		给矿	100.00	64.10	100.00
	400	浮选精矿	29.68	64.92	30.06
		浮选尾矿	70.32	63.75	69.94
		给矿	100.00	64.10	100.00

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表 7 四段铁精矿的化学多元素分析结果

Table 7. Results of chemical multielement analysis of iron concentrate of the fourth stage %

Fe	CaO	MgO	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	S	P	Cr	Mn	Ni
64.10	0.061	3.23	3.50	0.14	0.0066	0.0056	1.02	0.10	0.78

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表 8 四段铁精矿中磁铁矿的解离度

Table 8. Dissociation degree of magnetite in the fourth stage iron concentrate %

单体	连生体
单体	>3/4	3/4～1/2	1/2～1/4	<1/4
94.5	0.6	1.5	2.1	1.3

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表 9 全流程试验结果

Table 9. Test results of the whole process %

产品名称	产率	TFe品位	TFe回收率
铁精矿	14.77	64.10	70.45
四段尾矿	1.61	12.69	1.52
三段尾矿	5.12	8.38	3.19
二段尾矿	5.75	4.18	1.79
一段尾矿	51.01	4.12	15.64
干抛尾矿	21.74	4.58	7.41
原矿	100.00	13.44	100.00

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