基于Mathews和FLAC<sup>3D</sup>的采场结构参数优化研究

李翠; 张良兵; 陈涛; 罗少琛

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.05.007

基于Mathews和FLAC^3D的采场结构参数优化研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.05.007

攀钢集团矿业有限公司设计研究院, 四川攀枝花 617063

详细信息

作者简介:
李翠，1995年出生，女，硕士，采矿工程师，主要从事采矿工艺及充填材料等研究，E-mail：1369467558@qq.com

中图分类号: TD858
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-20
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-04
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-31

Optimization of stope structure parameters based on Mathews and FLAC^3D

Design and Research Institute of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group Mining Co., Ltd., Panzhihua 617063, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 以攀西某地下矿山为例，基于Mathews稳定图法和经验类比法估算采场暴露面积，推荐采场顶板允许暴露面积为800～1200 m²，矿体侧帮允许暴露面积为4000～5000 m²。基于FLAC^3D数值模拟分析优化采场结构参数，结果表明，随采场长度和阶段高度增大，采场周围的最大拉应力、最大压应力和最大剪应力都呈增加趋势。结合矿山现有开拓系统，推荐攀西某地下矿山阶段高度为60 m，采场长度为60 m。
- 地下矿山 /
- 采场结构参数 /
- Mathews稳定图法 /
- FLAC^3D数值模拟
Abstract: Taking an underground mine in Panxi as an example, the exposed area of the stope was estimated based on Mathews stability diagram method and empirical analogy method. It is recommended that the allowable exposed area of the stope roof is 800 to 1200 square meters, and the allowable exposed area of the ore body side is 4000 to 5000 square meters. Based on FLAC^3D numerical simulation analysis, the stope structure parameters were optimized. The results show that with the increase of stope length and stage height, the maximum tensile stress, maximum compressive stress and maximum shear stress around the stope increase. Combined with the existing development system of the mine, it is recommended that the stage height of an underground mine in Panxi is 60 meters and the length of the stope is 60 meters.
- underground mine /
- stope structure parameters /
- Mathews stability diagram method /
- fast lagrangian analysis of contimua in 3D numerical simulation

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图 1 Trueman扩展的Mathews稳定图（2000）^[14]

Figure 1. Trueman extended Mathews stability graph (2000)

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图 2 采场计算模型

Figure 2. Stope calculation model diagram

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图 3 方案一～方案三压应力、拉应力和剪应力云图

Figure 3. Cloud charts of compressive stress, tensile stress and shear stress for scheme I to scheme III

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图 4 方案一～方案三塑性区图

Figure 4. Plastic zone maps for scheme I to scheme III

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图 6 方案四～方案六塑性区图

Figure 6. Plastic zone maps for scheme Ⅳ to scheme Ⅵ

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图 5 方案四～方案六压应力、拉应力和剪应力云图

Figure 5. Cloud charts of compressive stress, tensile stress and shear stress for scheme Ⅳ to scheme Ⅵ

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表 1 Q值系统评分结果

Table 1. Q-value system rating results

岩体	RQD /%	Jn	Jr	Ja	Jw	SRF	Q值	质量描述	岩体等级
辉长岩	51	6	1	1	0.66	1.0	5.61	一般	5

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表 2 稳定数N计算结果

Table 2. Calculation results of stable number N

岩石名称		Q′值	A	C	N	LogN
辉长岩	顶板帮	5.61	1.0	4.3	13.2676	1.1228
辉长岩	侧帮	5.61	1.0	4.3	9.6492	0.9845

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表 3 Mathews稳定图法估算的采场暴露面积

Table 3. Estimation of exposed area of mining stope using Mathews stability map method

岩石名称	部位	形状因子S/m	暴露面积/m²	备注
辉长岩	顶板	7.14	1000	近似值
辉长岩	侧帮	17.03	4600	近似值
辉长岩（RQD增加10%）	顶板	9.25	1300	近似值
辉长岩（RQD增加10%）	侧帮	18.51	5000	近似值
辉长岩（RQD减少10%）	顶板	6.07	850	近似值
辉长岩（RQD减少10%）	侧帮	16.29	4400	近似值
辉长岩（RQD减少20%）	顶板	5.01	700	近似值
辉长岩（RQD减少20%）	侧帮	15.40	4160	近似值

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表 4 不同节理裂隙程度的辉长岩暴露面积值

Table 4. Exposed area values of gabbro with different joint fissure degrees

岩性	部位	节理不发育（或充填质量较好）	节理中等发育（或充填质量中等）	节理较发育（或充填质量较差）
辉长岩	顶板	1200	1000	800
辉长岩	侧帮	5000	4600	4000

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表 5 数值模拟计算所用的材料物理力学参数

Table 5. Physical and mechanical parameters of materials used in numerical simulation

名称	块体密度/ （g·cm⁻³）	变形模量 /GPa	泊松比	单轴抗压 /MPa	抗拉强度 /MPa	内聚力 /MPa	内摩擦角 /(°)
矿体	3.50	15.94	0.20	26.9	0.81	1.6	40.0
上盘	3.09	14.96	0.22	25.5	0.60	1.75	40.5
下盘	2.93	14.12	0.23	26.6	0.60	1.50	42.0

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表 6 矿房及矿柱合理参数研究计算方案

Table 6. Research and calculation scheme of reasonable parameters of room and pillar

计算方案	特征说明			备注
计算方案	采场长度/m	矿房宽度/m	阶段高度/m	备注
方案一	40	15	70	采场长度优化
方案二	60	15	70
方案三	80	15	70
方案四	60	15	60	阶段高度优化
方案五	60	15	70
方案六	60	15	80

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表 7 采场长度优化模拟计算结果

Table 7. Simulation calculation results of stope length optimization

编号	采场长度/m	采场顶板				两帮				上下盘
编号	采场长度/m	最大拉应力/MPa	最大压应力/MPa	最大剪应力/MPa	最大位移/ mm	最大拉应力/MPa	最大压应力/MPa	最大剪应力/MPa	最大位移/ mm	最大拉应力/MPa	最大压应力/MPa	最大剪应力/MPa
方案一	40	0	20.27	8.21	12	0.28	13.06	4.86	31	0	15.19	1.61
方案二	60	0	24.88	9.35	15	0.62	11.32	4.49	39	0	15.15	1.55
方案三	80	0	25.49	9.73	42	0.71	12.71	5.26	45	0	14.49	1.74

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表 8 采场阶段高度优化模拟计算结果

Table 8. Optimization simulation results of stope stage height

编号	阶段高度/m	采场顶板				采场两帮				上下盘
编号	阶段高度/m	最大拉应力/MPa	最大压应力/MPa	最大剪应力/MPa	最大位移/ mm	最大拉应力/MPa	最大压应力/MPa	最大剪应力/MPa	最大位移/ mm	最大拉应力/MPa	最大压应力/MPa	最大剪应力/MPa
方案四	60	0	23.51	9.31	9	0.58	10.12	4.28	37	0	15.77	1.34
方案五	70	0	24.88	9.35	15	0.62	11.32	4.49	39	0	15.15	1.55
方案六	80	0	25.36	9.44	48	0.68	12.83	4.74	41	0	14.78	1.67

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