Analysis and research on cover thickness of non-pillar sublevel caving method in an iron mine in Panxi
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摘要: 针对攀西某铁矿山露天转地下崩落法开采覆盖层合理厚度的确定问题，采用相似模型试验与数值模拟相结合的方式，分析研究了放矿过程中不同厚度覆盖层颗粒的运动速度、轨迹及覆盖层整体的沉降变化情况。结果表明，数值模拟结果与室内相似材料试验匹配程度高，覆盖层35、40 m时，表面起伏角度小，结构完整，均能满足矿山安全生产需要。结合安全规程，覆盖层厚度取40 m更安全、合理。Abstract: Aiming at solving the problem of determining the reasonable thickness of the overburden layer in the conversion of open-pit to underground caving mining of the hanging wall ore body in an iron mine in Panxi, the Similarity Model test and Numerical Simulation were used to analyze and study the movement speed and trajectory of the overburden particles with different thicknesses during the ore drawing process and the settlement change of the whole overburden layer. The results show that the numerical simulation results are highly matched with the indoor similar material test. When the overburden layer is 35 m and 40 m, the surface fluctuation angle is small and the structure is complete, which can meet the needs of mine safety production. Combined with the safety regulations, it is safer and more reasonable to take 40 m as the thickness of the covering layer.
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Key words:
- ore /
- open-air to underground /
- hanging wall ore body /
- covering layer /
- Numerical Simulation /
- Similar Material test
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图 1 各分段放矿结束后30 m覆盖层变化情况
Figure 1. The change of 30 m overburden layer after completion of each sublevel ore drawing
图 2 各分段放矿结束后35 m覆盖层变化情况
Figure 2. The change of 35 m overburden layer after completion of each sublevel ore drawing
图 3 各分段放矿结束后40 m覆盖层变化情况
Figure 3. The change of 40 m overburden layer after completion of each sublevel ore drawing
图 5 各分段放矿结束后30 m覆盖层变化过程
Figure 5. The change process of 30 m overburden layer after completion of each sublevel ore drawing
图 6 各分段放矿结束后35 m覆盖层变化过程
Figure 6. The change process of 35 m overburden layer after completion of each sublevel ore drawing
图 7 各分段放矿结束后40 m覆盖层变化过程
Figure 7. The change process of 40 m overburden layer after completion of each sublevel ore drawing
表 1 矿石及覆盖层颗粒级配
Table 1. Particle gradation of ore and covering layer
现场矿岩粒径/m 室内矿岩粒径/cm 矿石配比/% 覆盖层配比/% >0.6 >6 0 10 0.4～0.6 4～6 23 17 0.2～0.4 2～4 25 11 0.1～0.2 1～2 25 20 0.05～0.1 0.5～1 18 30 
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表 2 PFC2D模型参数
Table 2. PFC2D model parameters
岩石类型 颗粒法向接触刚度/(GN·m−1) 颗粒切向接触刚度/(GN·m−1) 法向接触强度/MPa 切向接触强度/MPa 摩擦系数 重力加速度 覆盖层 4 1.0 1.8 12 0.3 9.8 矿石 6 1.5 1.8 12 0.3 9.8
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