Numerical simulation of the effect of post-welding heat treatment on fatigue life of titanium alloy butt plate
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摘要: 基于有限元软件建立了考虑蠕变应力松弛效应的30 mm厚TC4钛合金对接板的热—弹—塑性有限元模型，采用该模型模拟了TC4钛合金对接板电子束焊接过程中的温度场与应力场，对比了3种焊后热处理工艺下对接板内部残余应力分布情况，得出最优的焊后热处理工艺。通过疲劳分析软件fe-safe分析了焊后热处理对于对接板疲劳性能的影响。结果表明，数值模拟得到的残余应力分布情况较为准确。对接板经过700 ℃
$ \times $ 2 h焊后热处理，其内部横向、纵向残余应力基本完全消除，峰值分别为28、46.3 MPa。蠕变效应在焊后热处理消除残余应力的过程中起重要作用，经过焊后热处理，对接板焊缝与热影响区的疲劳安全系数由0.192提升至0.7左右。Abstract: Based on the finite element software, a thermo-elastic-plastic finite element model of 30 mm thick TC4 titanium alloy butt plate considering the creep stress relaxation effect was established. The temperature field and stress field in the electron beam welding process of TC4 titanium alloy butt plate were simulated by this model, and the distribution of residual stress in the butt plate under three post-welding heat treatment processes was compared. The optimal post-welding heat treatment process is obtained. Fatigue analysis software fe-safe was used to analyze the influence of heat treatment on the fatigue properties of butt plate. The results show that the residual stress distribution obtained by numerical simulation is accurate. After 700 ℃×2 h post-welding heat treatment, the internal transverse and longitudinal residual stresses of the butt plate were completely eliminated, and the peak values are 28 MPa and 46.3 MPa, respectively. The creep effect plays an important role in the process of post-welding heat treatment to eliminate the residual stress, and the fatigue safety factor of welding seam and heat-affected zone of the butt plate can be increased from 0.192 to about 0.7. -
图 7 焊后热处理后对接板内部残余应力曲线
Figure 7. Internal residual stress curve of butt plate after post-welding heat treatment
图 9 焊后热处理过程中弹性应变、塑性应变及蠕变应变随时间变化曲线
Figure 9. Curves of elastic, plastic and creep strains with time during post-welding heat treatment
表 1 蠕变本构方程参数
Table 1. Creep constitutive equation parameters
温度/ ℃ A3 n2 $ \alpha $ Q/(J·mol−1) 500 9.764e-6 6.00 0.00289 19213.78 600 9.764e-6 3.16 0.00649 14632.57 700 9.764e-6 2.14 0.0207 19967.6 
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