功率超声作用下钢液中空化泡尺寸的演变特性

王顺; 陈敏; 郭庆; 程伟浩

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.05.019

功率超声作用下钢液中空化泡尺寸的演变特性

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.05.019

东北大学冶金学院, 辽宁沈阳 110819

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52174301，51974080)。

详细信息

作者简介:
王顺，1998年出生，男，安徽淮南人，硕士研究生，主要从事炉外精炼相关研究，E-mail: wangshun1029@163.com

通讯作者:
陈敏，1969年出生，男，教授，博士生导师，E-mail: chenm@smm.neu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TF769
计量
- 文章访问数: 70
- HTML全文浏览量: 22
- PDF下载量: 10
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-01-15
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-04
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-31

Evolution characteristics of cavitation bubble size in liquid steel under power ultrasound

School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China

摘要

摘要: 利用四阶龙格库塔法，通过Matlab软件求解功率超声作用周期T与空化泡半径R之间的函数关系，研究了声压幅值、频率、初始平衡半径和气体多变指数对钢液中空化泡尺寸的影响。结果表明，1～2P₀范围内产生稳态空化，频率和初始平衡半径的增加均使空化泡的峰值半径增大，初始平衡半径由5 μm增加至50 μm时，空化泡的峰值半径分别增加了0.35 μm和90.75 μm；频率由20 kHz增加至80 kHz时，空化泡的峰值半径仅增加了0.84 μm。3～100P₀范围内产生瞬态空化，初始平衡半径由5 μm增加至20 μm时，空化泡的峰值半径由423.01 μm增加至896.12 μm，而初始平衡半径增加至50 μm时，空化泡的峰值半径减小为544.16 μm；频率为20 kHz时，空化泡经历2次膨胀与收缩过程后崩溃，空化泡的峰值半径为488.05 μm。气体多变指数对稳态和瞬态空化条件下的空化效应影响较小，当气体多变指数由1增加至1.65时，空化泡峰值半径分别减小了1.6 μm和0.35 μm。
- 钢液 /
- 炉外精炼 /
- 功率超声 /
- 空化泡半径 /
- 四阶龙格库塔法
Abstract: The effects of sound pressure amplitude, frequency, initial equilibrium radius of the cavitation bubble and gas multiplicity index on the cavitation bubble size in the liquid steel were investigated by solving the function of the power ultrasonic action period T and the cavitation bubble radius R using the Fourth-Order Runge Kutta method by Matlab software. The results showed that steady-state cavitation occurred in the range of 1~2P₀, and the peak radius of cavitation bubble increased with the increase in the frequency and initial equilibrium radius. The initial equilibrium radius increased from 5 μm to 50 μm, and the cavitation bubble peak radius was increased by 0.35 μm and 90.75 μm, respectively. The peak radius of the cavitation bubble was increased by only 0.84 μm when the frequency increased from 20 kHz to 80 kHz. The transient cavitation occurred in the range of 3~100P₀. The peak radius of the cavitation bubble increased from 423.01 μm to 896.12 μm when the initial equilibrium radius was increased from 5 μm to 20 μm, while the peak radius of the cavitation bubble decreased to 544.16 μm when the initial equilibrium radius was increased to 50 μm. The cavitation bubble underwent two expansion and contraction processes before collapsing with a peak cavitation bubble radius of 488.05 μm at a frequency of 20 kHz. The gas multiplicity index had a little influence on the cavitation effect under the steady-state and transient cavitation conditions. The cavitation bubble peak radius was only decreased by 1.6 μm and 0.35 μm, respectively, when the gas multiplicity index increased from 1 to 1.65.
- liquid steel /
- secondary refining /
- power ultrasound /
- cavitation bubble radius /
- fourth-order Runge Kutta method

HTML全文

图 1 1～2P₀范围内声压幅值对钢液中空化泡半径的影响

（a）R/R₀随周期T的变化；（b）空化泡的峰值半径

Figure 1. Influence of sound pressure amplitude on cavitation bubble radius in the liquid steel in the range of 1~2P₀

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 3～100P₀范围内声压幅值对钢液中空化泡半径的影响

（a）R/R₀随周期T的变化；（b）空化泡的峰值半径

Figure 2. Influence of sound pressure amplitude on cavitation bubble radius in the liquid steel in the range of 3~100P₀

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 5～50 µm范围内初始平衡半径对钢液中空化泡半径的影响

（a）R/R₀随周期T的变化；（b）空化泡的峰值半径

Figure 3. Influence of initial equilibrium radius on cavitation bubble radius in the molten steel in the range of 5~50 µm

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 20～80 kHz范围内频率对空化泡半径的影响

（a）R/R₀随周期T的变化；（b）空化泡的峰值半径

Figure 4. Influence of frequency on cavitation bubble radius in the range of 20~80 kHz

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 气体多变指数对空化泡半径的影响

（a）R/R₀随周期T的变化；（b）空化泡的峰值半径

Figure 5. Influence of gas multiplicity index on cavitation bubble radius

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 5～50 µm范围内初始平衡半径对钢液中空化泡半径的影响

（a）R/R₀随周期T的变化；（b）空化泡的峰值半径

Figure 6. Influence of initial equilibrium radius on cavitation bubble radius in the molten steel in the range of 5~50 µm

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 20～80 kHz范围内频率对空化泡半径的影响

（a）R/R₀随周期T的变化；（b）空化泡的峰值半径

Figure 7. Influence of frequency on cavitation bubble radius in the range of 20~80 kHz

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 气体多变指数对空化泡半径的影响

（a）R/R₀随周期T的变化；（b）空化泡的峰值半径

Figure 8. Influence of gas multiplicity index on cavitation bubble radius

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

参考文献(11)

[1]	Xu Wenlin, He Yufang, Wang Yaqiong. Modeling and simulation of bubble motion caused by ultrasound[J]. Journal of Yangzhou University, 2005,8(1):55−59. (许文林, 何玉芳, 王雅琼. 超声空化泡运动方程的求解及过程模拟[J]. 扬州大学学报:自然科学版, 2005,8(1):55−59. Xu Wenlin, He Yufang, Wang Yaqiong. Modeling and simulation of bubble motion caused by ultrasound[J]. Journalof Yangzhou University, 2005, 8(1): 55-59.
[2]	Wang Jie. Theoretical research of ultrasonic cavitation bubble dynamic equation[J]. Value Engineering, 2010,29(34):38−39. (王捷. 超声空化泡运动方程的理论推导[J]. 价值工程, 2010,29(34):38−39. Wang Jie. Theoretical research of ultrasonic cavitation bubble dynamic equation[J]. Value Engineering, 2010, 29(34): 38-39.
[3]	Rayleigh J W. On the pressure developed in aliquid during the collapse of a special cavity[J]. Philosophical Magazine, 1917,34(200):94−98.
[4]	沈阳. 单一超声空化泡的理论与实验研究及声场内空泡分布标定[D]. 沈阳: 东北大学, 2019. Shen Yang. Theoretical & experimental study of a single bubble cavitation aced population of cavitation bubbles in ultrasound field[D]. Shenyang: Northeastern University, 2019.
[5]	李林. 超声场下空化泡运动的数值模拟和超声强化传质研究[D]. 成都: 四川大学, 2006. Li Lin. Numercial simulation on the motion equation of cavitation bubble and the enhancement of mass transfer due toultrasonic[D]. Chengdu: Sichuan University, 2006.
[6]	Kang Shumei, Shen Minggang, Li Chengwei, et al. Behavior of inclusion removal in ladlere fining model by ultrasonic[J]. Iron and Steel, 2012,47(9):30−34. (亢淑梅, 沈明钢, 李成威, 等. 超声波钢包精炼水模夹杂物行为[J]. 钢铁, 2012,47(9):30−34. Kang Shumei, Shen Minggang, Li Chengwei, et al. Behavior of inclusion removal in ladlere fining model by ultrasonic[J]. Iron and Steel, 2012, 47(9): 30-34.
[7]	Yasui K. Acoustic cavitation and bubble dynamics[M]. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018.
[8]	Zhang Ying, Wu Wenhua, Wang Jianyuan. Mechanism of effect of stable cavitation on dendrite growth in ultrasonic field[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2022,71(24):244303. (张颖, 吴文华, 王建元, 等. 超声场中气泡稳态空化对枝晶生长过程的作用机制[J]. 物理学报, 2022,71(24):244303. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20221101 Zhang Ying, Wu Wenhua, Wang Jianyuan. Mechanism of effect of stable cavitation on dendrite growth in ultrasonic field[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2022, 71(24): 244303. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20221101
[9]	Yang Ping. Fast digital simulation based on fourth order Runge Kutta method.[J]. Computer Simulation, 1987,(3):42−44. (杨平. 基于四阶龙格-库塔法的快速数字仿真[J]. 计算机仿真, 1987,(3):42−44. Yang Ping. Fast digital simulation based on fourth order Runge Kutta method. [J]. Computer Simulation, 1987(3): 42-44.
[10]	Kong Wei, Cang Daqiang, Wang Wenbo. Simulation of evolution process of ultrasonic-cavitation bubble in molten steel[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2010,10(35):8696−8701. (孔为, 苍大强, 王文波. 钢液中超声空化泡运动过程模拟[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2010,10(35):8696−8701. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2010.35.013 Kong Wei, Cang Daqiang, Wang Wenbo. Simulation of evolution process of ultrasonic-cavitation bubble in molten steel[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2010, 10(35): 8696-8701. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2010.35.013
[11]	魏瑞瑞. 超声波辅助铁酸钙生成及结晶基础研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2019. Wei Ruirui. Fundamental study on the formation and crystallization of calcium ferrite assisted by ultrasonic wave[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2019.