Controllable hydrothermal synthesis and zinc storage properties of ammonium vanadium oxides
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摘要: 铵钒氧化物作为水系锌离子电池正极材料具有轻质、高容量等特点，但其可控合成仍面临挑战。采用乙二醇（EG）辅助调控的一步水热法成功制备出一系列物相与形貌不同的铵钒氧化物。研究表明，当EG添加量由0 mL增加到1.6 mL，水热产物由带状(NH4)2V6O16转变为棒状NH4V4O10；当EG添加量为18 mL时，所得产物为片状(NH4)2V4O9。对比发现，棒状NH4V4O10表现出最佳的电化学性能，其在0.1 A/g电流密度下展现出415.8 mAh/g的高比容量，经过12000次循环（10 A/g电流密度下）后的容量保持率高达94.1%。NH4V4O10卓越的电化学性能得益于其单连接的氧原子与NH4+之间相互作用形成的稳定层状结构，有效增强了其循环稳定性，纳米棒状形貌以及明显的电容效应提升了其倍率性能和动力学特性。Abstract: Ammonium vanadium oxides are promising cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries due to their lightweight and high capacity, however, the controlled synthesis still remains a challenge. A series of ammonium vanadium oxides with different phases and morphologies were successfully synthesized by one-step hydrothermal method with the assistance of ethylene glycol (EG) regulation. The results showed that the product transformed from ribbon-shaped (NH4)2V6O16 to rod-like NH4V4O10 with the increase of EG addition from 0 mL to 1.6 mL, and then evolved into plate-like (NH4)2V4O9 with the addition of 18 mL EG. By Comparison, rod-like NH4V4O10 exhibited the best electrochemical performance, demonstrating a high specific capacity of 415.8 mAh/g at the current density of 0.1 A/g, and maintaining a high capacity retention of 94.1% after 12000 cycles at a high current density of 10 A/g. The excellent cycling stability of NH4V4O10 can be attributed to its stable layered structure formed by the interactions between oxygen atoms and NH4+ ions. Furthermore, the nanorod-like morphology and evident capacitive effect contribute to the promotion of its rate capability and kinetic properties.
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Key words:
- ammonium vanadium oxide /
- hydrothermal method /
- zinc-ion battery /
- cathode material /
- ethylene glycol
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