Experimental study on upgrading and flotation of titanium concentrate in a concentrator in Panxi area
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摘要: 攀西地区某选厂浮钛精矿品位为46.84%，其中脉石矿物SiO2、CaO不利于后续氯化法制钛白粉。加入抑制剂（酸化水玻璃、硫酸、水玻璃、氟硅酸钠以及木质素），均可有效抑制脉石矿物上浮，提高钛精矿品位，其中硫酸和木质素效果较好，综合成本确定硫酸为提质浮选抑制剂。采用一次浮选流程考察搅拌时间、硫酸用量、捕收剂用量对最终钛精矿品位和回收率的影响，确定搅拌时间10 min、硫酸用量2000 g/t、MOH用量2000 g/t为最佳浮选条件。在最佳浮选条件下，经过一粗一精浮选流程，可将钛精矿品位由46.84%提升至50.04%，钛精矿回收率为41.93%，且CaO+SiO2≤1.5%，满足提质要求。Abstract: The floating titanium concentrate grade of a concentrator in Panxi area is 46.84%, among which gangue minerals SiO2 and CaO are not conducive to the subsequent chlorination process of titanium dioxide. Adding inhibitors to acidified sodium silicate, sulfuric acid, sodium silicate, sodium fluorosilicate and lignin can effectively inhibit gangue minerals from floating and improve the grade of titanium concentrate, among which sulfuric acid and lignin show the best effect, and sulfuric acid is determined to be the quality improvement flotation inhibitor. The effects of stirring time, sulfuric acid dosage and collector dosage on the final grade and recovery of titanium concentrate were investigated by a single flotation process. The optimal flotation conditions were determined to be stirring time of 10 min, sulfuric acid dosage of 2000 g/t and MOH dosage of 2000 g/t. Under the optimal flotation conditions, the grade of titanium concentrate can be increased from 46.84% to 50.04%, the recovery rate of titanium concentrate is 41.93%, and the CaO+SiO2≤1.5%, which meets the quality improvement requirements.
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表 1 原矿多元素化学分析结果
Table 1. Results of multi-element chemical analysis of raw ore
% TiO2 MgO Al2O3 SiO2 P2O5 SO3 Cl ZrO2 CaO MnO Fe2O3 Na2O CuO ZnO SrO Nb2O5 46.84 4.93 1.00 2.82 0.016 0.37 0.034 0.012 0.99 0.66 45.79 0.11 0.019 0.011 0.005 0.006 
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表 2 原矿矿物分析结果
Table 2. Mineral analysis results of raw ore
% 钛磁铁矿 钛铁矿 黄铁矿 磁黄铁矿 辉石 长石类 橄榄石 绿泥石 闪石 磷灰石 榍石 石榴子石 尖晶石 其他 1.20 91.50 0.19 0.020 1.60 1.00 0.50 1.30 0.73 0.010 0.15 0.24 0.020 1.54
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表 3 浮选流程开路试验结果
Table 3. Flotation flow open-circuit test results
浮选流程 产品名称 产率/% TiO2品位/% 回收率/%
一次浮选精矿 47.79 49.37 50.35 尾矿 52.21 44.56 49.65 原矿 100.00 46.85 100.00
一次粗选
一次精选精矿 39.41 50.04 41.93 中矿 6.85 48.62 7.08 尾矿 53.74 44.62 50.99 原矿 100.00 47.03 100.00
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表 4 钛精矿多元素化学分析结果
Table 4. Results of multi-element chemical analysis of titanium concentrate
% TiO2 SiO2 CaO MgO Al2O3 S TFe FeO MnO V2O5 50.06 0.94 0.37 4.06 0.48 0.033 33.3 37.2 0.746 0.071
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表 5 钛精矿矿物分析结果
Table 5. Mineral analysis results of titanium concentrate
% 钛磁铁矿 钛铁矿 黄铁矿 磁黄铁矿 辉石 长石类 橄榄石 绿泥石 闪石 磷灰石 榍石 石榴子石 尖晶石 其他 0.65 97.24 0.04 0.00 0.33 0.35 0.11 0.35 0.18 0.01 0.62 0.06 0.01 0.01
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