Thermodynamic analysis of recovering valuable elements from steel slag by thermite reduction in converter
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摘要: 针对转炉钢渣中铁、磷、锰及硅等有价元素的回收及钢渣资源化利用的问题，通过Factsage8.2软件热力学计算系统分析了转炉钢渣铝热还原回收有价元素的热力学条件和影响规律。结果表明，转炉钢渣的碱度对铝热还原回收FeO、P2O5、MnO的影响不大，提高转炉钢渣碱度有利于SiO2的还原回收；温度变化对FeO、P2O5、MnO回收的影响也不大，但是温度升高不利于转炉钢渣中SiO2的还原。当转炉钢渣碱度为3.18，温度为1873 K、w(Al/Slag)=20%时，铝热还原转炉钢渣回收有价元素的效果相对最佳，转炉钢渣中的FeO、P2O5、MnO、SiO2的还原率高达100%、100%、99.97%、98.12%。这为转炉钢渣铝热还原回收有价元素及钢渣资源化利用提供重要的研究基础。Abstract: Aiming at recovery of valuable elements such as Fe, P, Mn and Si from Bessemer steel slag and utilization of steel slag, the thermodynamic conditions and influencing rules of thermite reduction and recovery of valuable elements from Bessemer steel slag were analyzed by a Factsage8.2 software thermodynamic calculation system. The results show that basicity of the slag has little effect on the recovery of FeO, P2O5 and MnO in thermite reduction, and the improvement of slag basicity is beneficial to SiO2 recovery. The change of temperature has little effect on the recovery of FeO, P2O5 and MnO, but increasing temperature is not conducive to the reduction of SiO2 in the steel slag. When the slag basicity is 3.18 and the temperature is 1873K, w(Al/Slag)=20%, the recovery of valuable elements can be achieved the relatively best effect, and the reduction rates of FeO, P2O5, MnO and SiO2 in the slag are as high as 100%, 100%, 99.97% and 98.12%, respectively. These studied results can be used for the efficient recovery of valuable elements and resource utilization of steel slag by thermite reduction.
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Key words:
- converter steel slag /
- thermite reduction /
- valuable elements /
- recovery /
- reduction rates /
- thermodynamic conditions
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图 2 转炉钢渣中氧化物的还原率随碱度的变化
Figure 2. Reduction rate of oxide in converter steel slag changes with basicity
图 3 转炉钢渣粘度随温度的变化
Figure 3. The viscosity of converter steel slag changes with temperature
图 4 不同碱度转炉钢渣中氧化物的还原率随温度的变化
Figure 4. Reduction rate of oxides in converter steel slag varies with temperature
图 5 液渣相中各氧化物的含量随还原剂(Al)加入量的变化
Figure 5. The content of each oxide in liquid slag phase changes with the addition of reducing agent(Al)
图 6 转炉钢渣中氧化物的还原率随还原剂（Al）加入量的变化
Figure 6. The reduction rate of oxides in steel slag varies with the amount of reducing agent (Al)
表 1 转炉钢渣的主要成分
Table 1. Main components of converter steel slag
% CaO SiO2 MgO P2O5 MnO FeO Al2O3 35 11 11 2 4 30 7 
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