Effect of Multilayer Graphene and Fe₂O₃ Nanoparticles on Wear Behavior of TC11 Alloy

The effect of multilayer graphene and Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles on the wear behavior of TC11 alloy was investigated by adding the mechanical mixtures of multilayer graphene and Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles to the friction interface of the alloy.As a comparison,the wear tests with no additive and adding pure multilayer graphene or Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles were performed. The phases,morphologies and compositions of the worn surfaces were systematically analyzed by XRD,SEM and EDS. The formation process of the friction-layer and the function mechanism of the nano-materials were explored.The results show that the wear resistance of TC11 alloy was not improved when single multilayer graphene or Fe₂O₃ was selected as additives,which was ascribed to the unstable existence of the formed friction-layers.However,with the additive of mechanical mixtures of multilayer graphene and Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles,a double friction-layer simultaneously with excellent lubricant and load-carrying capacity was formed on the worn surface,which can effectively avoid metal-metal contact and protect the substrate,finally reducing the wear loss for TC11 alloy.