Abstract: By using instruments including metalloscope,scanning electron microscope,Xray diffractometer(XRD) and energy spectrometer,scale on the surface of hot-rolled strip steel produced by 1 810 mm hot-rolling mill and furnace roller was analyzed on layering phenomenon,microstructure,microtopography,composition,and internal atomic or molecular structure etc. The results show that there is a relatively large difference in scale microstructures of the hot rolled strip and the furnace roller. Microstructures of the roller scale are consistent with those of common scale while ferric oxide layer is absent in strip surface. The outer surface of the strip scale is more compact and the inner surface has more holes,smaller cracks and smaller grain size compared with those of the roller scale.