摘要:
研究316不锈钢在10-3s-1应变率下的拉伸硬化特性及拉伸过程中的微观结构演化。对316不锈钢进行机械研磨、抛光、化学腐蚀,然后对处理好的样品进行拉伸试验,并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、VHX-2000超景深显微系统(OM)、原子力显微镜(AFM),分析316不锈钢在拉伸变形过程的微观组织和滑移带变化。结果表明:316不锈钢的屈服强度RP0.2=319 MPa,抗拉强度Rm=871 MPa,试验结束后,样品伸长率δ=41%,样品表面有明显的起伏不平;随着拉伸变形量的增大,晶粒沿拉伸方向显著增长;在拉伸过程中,滑移带逐渐增多,滑移带高度和数量随着拉伸而增长;拉伸后期,出现晶粒转动和多滑移现象,导致样品表面明显凹凸不平,粗糙度明显增大。
Abstract:
To investigate the microstructure evolution of 316 stainless steel during the slow strain tensile test,strain control is adopted and the strain rate is 10-3 s-1. The specimens are mechanically polished,then chemically-etched,and the tensile test is carried out. The microstructure is investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy（ SEM）,Atomic Force Microscope（ AFM） and Ultra deep field 3D Microscope. The yield strength and tensile strength of 316 stainless steel are 319 MPa,871 MPa,respectively. And the total elongation of the sample is 41%. The surface of the sample has obvious unevenness. SEM observation shows that the grain elongates remarkably along the tensile direction as the tensile deformation increases.During the tensile process,the slip band increases gradually,and the slip band height and number increase with the stretching. In the later stage of tensile test,grain rotates and multi slips appear,which leads to the obvious roughness on the surface of sample.
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