Tb改性BiVO<sub>4</sub>/BiOCl复合光催化剂的制备及性能研究

刘景景; 张泽兰; 赵  伟

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2021.04.007

Tb改性BiVO₄/BiOCl复合光催化剂的制备及性能研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2021.04.007

攀枝花学院钒钛学院，四川攀枝花 617000

基金项目: 四川省大学生创新创业训练计划项目（其他）；攀枝花学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目（其他）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘景景（1986−），女，河南三门峡人，讲师，博士，主要从事功能材料研究，Email：jingjingliu8610@163.com。

中图分类号: TF841.3, TQ426
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-04
- 刊出日期: 2021-08-10

Synthesis and properties of Tb modified BiVO₄/BiOCl composite photocatalysts

College of Vanadium and Titanium, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 采用液相沉淀法制备了不同Tb含量的BiVO₄/BiOCl复合光催化剂，利用XRD、EDS等对催化剂进行了表征。以罗丹明B为目标降解污染物，采用单因素试验研究了Tb含量、光催化时间、催化剂用量、罗丹明B浓度等因素对样品光降解率的影响，并采用正交试验确定出最优方案。结果表明，纯钒酸铋为单斜晶型BiVO₄；Tb含量为2%、4%的样品是单斜BiVO₄/BiOCl混合相；Tb含量为6%～12%的样品是单斜相BiVO₄/四方相BiVO₄/BiOCl混合相，这说明引入稀土Tb能够促使BiVO₄由单斜相转化为四方相。与纯BiVO₄相比，所有含Tb的BiVO₄样品的光降解率显著提高，且Tb元素的最佳含量（摩尔分数）为10%。在罗丹明B浓度为5 mg/L，催化剂用量为25 mg，光催化时间为2 h时，10%样品的光降解率高达100%，其光催化性能提高的原因可归因于稀土Tb的电子捕获效应以及形成的单斜相BiVO₄/四方相BiVO₄/BiOCl混相p-n异质结，有效提高了光生载流子的分离与传输，大大降低了电子-空穴对的复合，在污染废水处理方面具有极大的潜力和应用价值。
- BiVO₄ /
- Tb /
- 光催化 /
- 降解 /
- 液相沉淀
Abstract: BiVO₄/BiOCl composite photocatalysts with different contents of Tb were prepared by liquid phase precipitation method, and the catalysts were characterized by XRD and EDS. The photocatalytic performance of the photocatalysts was evaluated by degradation of rhodamine B under irradiation of the simulated sunlight. The effects of Tb content, photocatalytic time, catalyst dosage, rhodamine B concentration on the photodegradation efficiency of the samples were studied by single factor experiments, and the optimal scheme was determined by orthogonal tests. The results show that the pure BiVO₄ belongs to monoclinic phase, and the samples with Tb content of 2% and 4% are mixture of monoclinic BiVO₄/BiOCl phases. The samples with Tb content of 6%～12% are mixture of monoclinic BiVO₄/tetragonal BiVO₄/BiOCl phases. It indicates that the introduction of Tb can promote the transformation of BiVO₄ from monoclinic phase to tetragonal phase. Compared with that of the pure BiVO₄, the photodegradation efficiency of all samples containing Tb is improved greatly, and the optimal molar fraction of Tb is 10%. At the rhodamine B concentration of 5 mg/L, the catalyst dosage of 25 mg, and the photocatalytic time of 2 h, the photodegradation efficiency of the sample with 10% Tb can reach 100%. The improved photocatalytic performance may be attributed to the electron capture effect of Tb and the formation of monoclinic BiVO₄/tetragonal BiVO₄/BiOCl miscible p-n heterostructures, which effectively improve the separation and transmission of photoinduced carriers and suppress the recombination of electron-hole pairs. It has great potential and application value in the treatment of polluted wastewater.
- BiVO₄ /
- Tb /
- photocatalytic /
- degradation /
- liquid phase precipitation

HTML全文

图 1 不同Tb含量改性的BiVO₄样品的XRD谱

Figure 1. XRD patterns of BiVO₄ samples with different Tb contents

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图 2 10% Tb含量的BiVO₄样品的EDS谱

Figure 2. EDS spectrum of BiVO₄ sample with 10% Tb

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图 3 不同Tb含量BiVO₄样品对15 mg/L罗丹明B溶液光催化1 h的降解率

Figure 3. The photodegradation ratio of 15 mg/L rhodamine B solution by the BiVO₄ samples with different Tb contents for 1 h

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图 4 Tb含量为10%的样品对15 mg/L罗丹明B溶液在不同光催化时间的降解率

Figure 4. The photodegradation ratio of 15mg/L rhodamine B solution by the BiVO₄ samples with 10% Tb for different irradiation time

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图 5 不同用量的Tb含量为10%的样品对15 mg/L罗丹明B溶液光催化1.5 h的降解率

Figure 5. The photodegradation ratio of 15mg/L rhodamine B solution by different dosages of BiVO₄ with 10% Tb for 1.5 h

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图 6 Tb含量为10%的样品对不同浓度罗丹明B溶液光催化1.5 h的降解率

Figure 6. The photodegradation ratio of rhodamine B solutions with different concentrations by BiVO₄ sample with 10 % Tb for 1.5 h

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表 1 正交试验因素及水平

Table 1. Orthogonal test factors and levels

水平	因素A：罗丹明B 浓度/(mg·L⁻¹）	因素B：催化剂用量/mg	因素C：光催化时间/h
1	5	15	2.0
2	10	20	1.5
3	15	10	1.0
4	20	25	0.5

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表 2 L₁₆（4⁵）正交试验方案及结果

Table 2. L₁₆ (4⁵) orthogonal test schemes and results

试验号	因素A	因素B	空列	因素C	空列	降解率/%
1	1（5）	1（15）	1	1（2.0）	1	99.16
2	1（5）	2（20）	2	2（1.5）	2	98.73
3	1（5）	3（10）	3	3（1.0）	3	98.20
4	1（5）	4（25）	4	4（0.5）	4	97.03
5	2（10）	1（15）	2	3（1.0）	4	78.37
6	2（10）	2（20）	1	4（0.5）	3	69.03
7	2（10）	3（10）	4	1（2.0）	2	89.32
8	2（10）	4（25）	3	2（1.5）	1	99.32
9	3（15）	1（15）	3	4（0.5）	2	39.88
10	3（15）	2（20）	4	3（1.0）	1	93.72
11	3（15）	3（10）	1	2（1.5）	4	71.56
12	3（15）	4（25）	2	1（2.0）	3	99.07
13	4（20）	1（15）	4	2（1.5）	3	87.19
14	4（20）	2（20）	3	1（2.0）	4	96.63
15	4（20）	3（10）	2	4（0.5）	1	26.23
16	4（20）	4（25）	1	3（1.0）	2	74.85
k₁	0.98	0.76	0.79	0.96	0.80
k₂	0.84	0.90	0.76	0.89	0.76
k₃	0.76	0.71	0.84	0.86	0.88
k₄	0.71	0.93	0.92	0.58	0.86
R	0.27	0.21	0.16	0.38	0.13

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