Study on the preparation and properties of high titanium slag aggregate concrete using magnetized water
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摘要: 为了改善高钛矿渣集料混凝土的工作性及力学性能，提出采用磁化水制备高钛矿渣集料混凝土，研究了不同流量磁化水对高钛矿渣集料混凝土工作性、力学性能的影响规律，并对其微观形貌及孔结构进行测试分析，结果表明：磁化水会改善高钛矿渣集料混凝土的工作性和强度，增加其含气量；但随着磁化水流量的增大，改善效果减弱。当水流量为40 mL/s时，其坍落度、扩展度、28 d抗压强度、60 d抗压强度较自来水高钛矿渣集料混凝土分别提升9.5%、14.9%、8.9%、11.6%。微观测试结果表明，磁化水高钛矿渣集料混凝土骨料与水泥基体裂纹较小，水化产物较多，未水化的水泥及矿物掺合料较少，反应程度更高，高钛矿渣骨料与水泥基体间的“销栓效应”进一步增强；且无害孔比例较高，有害孔比例较少，结构更加致密，进而强度较好。Abstract: To improve the workability and mechanical properties of high titanium slag aggregate concrete, this paper proposed the use of magnetized water for its preparation. The study investigated the effects of different flow rates of magnetized water on the workability and mechanical properties of high titanium slag aggregate concrete, and conducted tests and analyses on its micro morphology and pore structure. The results show that magnetized water enhances the workability and strength of high titanium slag aggregate concrete and increases its air content. However, as the flow rate of magnetized water increases, the improvement effect diminishes. When the water flow rate is 40 mL/s, the slump, spread, 28 d compressive strength, and 60 d compressive strength are respectively increased by 9.5%, 14.9%, 8.9%, and 11.6% compared with tap water high titanium slag aggregate concrete. The microstructural test results indicate that the cracks between the aggregate and cement matrix of the magnetized water high titanium slag aggregate concrete are smaller, with more hydration products and fewer unhydrated cement and mineral admixtures, resulting in a higher degree of reaction. The "pinning effect" between the high titanium slag aggregate and the cement matrix is further enhanced. Additionally, the proportion of harmless pores is higher, and the proportion of harmful pores is lower, making the structure denser and thus stronger.
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图 2 磁化水对高钛矿渣集料混凝土抗压强度的影响
Figure 2. The impact of magnetized water on the compressive strength of high titanium slag aggregate concrete
图 3 高钛矿渣集料混凝土28 d龄期的SEM图像
Figure 3. The SEM images of high titanium slag aggregate concrete at a 28-day age
(a) JZ； (b) CH40
图 4 高钛矿渣集料混凝土28 d龄期的累计孔径分布曲线与孔径分布曲线
(a)累计孔径分布；(b)孔径分布
Figure 4. Cumulative pore size distribution curve and pore size distribution curve of high titanium slag aggregate concrete at a 28-day age
表 1 水泥的性能指标
Table 1. Performance index of cement
比表面积/（m2·kg−1） 标准稠度用水量/mL 凝结时间/min 安定性 抗折强度/MPa 抗压强度/MPa 初凝 终凝 3 d 28 d 3 d 28 d 360 135 130 245 合格 5.0 8.0 29.5 48.8 
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表 2 粉煤灰的主要性能指标
Table 2. Main performance indexes of fly ash
细度（45 μm）/% 需水比/% 28 d活性指标/% 烧失量/% 23 94 70 4.7
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表 3 矿粉的主要性能指标
Table 3. Main performance indexes of slag powder
流动度比/% 比表面积/(m2·kg−1) 7 d活性指标/% 28 d活性指标/% 98 485 72 100
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表 4 高钛矿渣砂化学成分
Table 4. Chemical composition of high titanium slag aggregate
% Na2O MgO Al2O3 SiO2 SO3 Cl K2O CaO TiO2 Fe2O3 其他 0.51 7.20 12.07 22.64 1.58 0.05 0.27 29.37 19.76 5.62 0.93
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表 5 高钛矿渣砂物理性能
Table 5. Physical property of high titanium slag sand
细度模数 堆积密度/(kg·m−3) 表观密度/(kg·m−3) 空隙率/% 压碎值/% MB值 渣粉含量/% 饱和面干吸水率/% 2.8 1800 3200 45 7 0.75 16 2.5
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表 6 混凝土配合比
Table 6. Concrete mix proportion
kg/m3 水 水泥 矿粉 Ⅱ级粉煤灰 机制砂 钛矿渣砂 碎石5～25 mm 外加剂 175 210 35 105 431 431 1013 4.5
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表 7 磁化水对高钛矿渣集料混凝土工作性能的影响
Table 7. Influence of magnetized water on the workability of high titanium slag aggregate concrete
编号 流动度/mm 放置1 h 后流动度/mm 坍落度 扩展度 坍落度 扩展度 JZ 210 505 180 400 CH40 230 580 220 500 CH80 220 560 205 480
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表 8 高钛矿渣集料混凝土拌合物含气量
Table 8. Air content in high titanium slag aggregate concrete mixtures
编号 含气量/% JZ 2.4 CH40 3.2 CH80 3.1 CH120 2.9 CH160 2.5
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表 9 高钛矿渣集料混凝土28 d龄期的孔隙率与孔径分布
Table 9. Porosity and pore size distribution of high titanium slag aggregate concrete at a 28-day age
% 编号 孔隙率 孔径分布 <20 nm 20～<100 nm 100～<200 nm >200 nm JZ 12.01 36.65 34.80 5.55 23.00 CH40 8.42 46.49 29.67 7.39 16.45
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