Optimization of the electromagnetic stirring position at solidification end of 50CrV continuous casting billet
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摘要: 为标定240 mm×240 mm断面50CrV弹簧钢方坯的凝固末端位置，确定凝固末端电磁搅拌的合理位置，对湘钢方坯连铸机开展射钉试验，结果表明，弹簧钢方坯综合凝固系数为26.8 mm/min1/2，在0.8 m/min和1.0 m/min拉速下，凝固终点位置分别为距弯月面16.2 m和19.8 m处，凝固末端电磁搅拌适宜位置为距弯月面7.18 m和8.84 m处。基于射钉试验建立凝固传热模型，利用模型研究了不同连铸工艺参数下的铸坯凝固特征，据此可对现行连铸参数进行优化与修正，充分发挥凝固末端电磁搅拌作用，减轻中心偏析，改善铸坯质量，研究结果对现场实际具有一定指导意义。Abstract: In order to calibrate the solidified end position of the 50CrV spring steel billet with 240 mm×240 mm section and determine the reasonable position of electromagnetic stirring at the solidification end, the nail shooting experiment was carried out on the Xianggang billet continuous caster. The results showed that the comprehensive solidification coefficient of the spring steel billet was 26.8 mm/min1/2. When the casting speed are at 0.8 m/min and 1.0 m/min, respectively, The end positions of solidification are 16.2 m and 19.8 m from the meniscus surface, respectively, and the suitable positions of electromagnetic stirring at the end of solidification are 7.18 m and 8.84 m from the meniscus surface. Based on the verification of the nail test, the solidification heat transfer model was established, and had been used to studied the solidification characteristics of the casting billet under different continuous casting process parameters. The model predication could be used to optimize and correct the existing continuous casting parameters so that the electromagnetic stirring effect at the solidification end could be fully exerted and the central segregation should be reduced, consequently the quality of the casting billet could be improved.
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图 2 射钉试验结果照片（υ=0.8 m/min）
（a）硫印照片；（b）酸浸低倍组织照片
Figure 2. The results of the nail shooting experiment
图 3 射钉试验结果照片（υ=1.0 m/min）
（a）硫印照片；（b）酸浸低倍组织照片
Figure 3. The results of the nail shooting experiment
图 4 拉速对凝固过程的影响
（a）铸坯温度及中心固相率；（b）铸坯坯壳厚度
Figure 4. Effect of casting speed on the solidification process
图 5 比水量对凝固过程的影响
（a）铸坯温度及中心固相率；（b）铸坯坯壳厚度
Figure 5. Effect of the specific water flow rate on the solidification process
图 6 过热度对凝固过程的影响
（a）铸坯温度及中心固相率；（b）铸坯坯壳厚度
Figure 6. Effect of superheat on the solidification process
(a) Billet temperature and solid phase ratio at the center of billet; (b)thickness of casting shell
表 1 射钉化学成分
Table 1. Chemical composition of shoot nail used in this study %
钢种 C Si Mn Cr 其他 60Si2MnA 0.56~0.64 1.60~2.00 0.60~0.90 ≤0.35 
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表 2 50CrV钢的主要化学成分
Table 2. The main chemical compositions of 50CrV steel
% C Si Mn P S Cr V 0.50 0.26 0.69 0.009 0.004 1.03 0.12
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表 3 50CrV方坯生产工艺条件
Table 3. 50CrV billet production process parameters
钢种 拉速/（m·min−1） 过热度/℃ 结晶器水量/（m3·h−1） 比水量/（L·kg−1） 冷却水量/（t·h−1） 足辊 Ⅰ区 Ⅱ区 Ⅲ区 50CrV 0.8 25 125 0.16 1.6 0.8 0.6 0.5 1.0 25 125 0.19 2.0 1.2 1.0 0.8
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表 4 50CrV钢射钉试验结果
Table 4. The nail shooting experiment results of 50CrV billet
射钉序号 拉速/（m·min−1） 射钉位置/m 坯壳厚度/mm 平均坯壳厚度/mm 综合凝固系数K/（mm·min−1/2） 凝固终点位置/m 酸洗 硫印 2-2 0.8 12.4 92 92 92.0 26.7 16.2 2-3 1.0 12.4 75 75 75.0 26.9 19.8
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表 5 现场末端电磁搅拌中心处液芯厚度及理想厚度
Table 5. measureed and ideal thickness of liquid core at the center of the electromagnetic stirring
钢种 末搅位置/m 拉速/（m·min−1） 末搅中心处液芯厚度/mm 计算值 理想值 50CrV 9.93 0.8 52 80 1.0 70
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表 6 不同液芯厚度下凝固末端电磁搅拌中心适宜位置
Table 6. The appropriate position of the solidification end electromagnetic stirring center under different core thicknesses
拉速/（m·min−1） 比水量/（L·kg−1） 末搅中心距弯月面距离/m 液芯厚度80 mm 液芯厚度70 mm 液芯厚度60 mm 0.8 0.16 7.18 8.11 9.09 1.0 0.19 8.84 9.98 11.19
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表 7 适宜现场（距弯月面9.93 m）处电搅发挥作用的拉速
Table 7. Casting speed suitable for electromagnetic stirring at the location 9.93 m below the meniscus
m/min 钢种 液芯厚度80 mm 液芯厚度70 mm 液芯厚度60 mm 50CrV 1.11 0.99 0.88
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