Sliding wear behavior of HB550 grade low-alloy martensite wear-resistant steel
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摘要: 通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、拉伸试验、维氏硬度计等设备分析了新开发的HB550低合金高强耐磨钢的微观组织和力学性能；利用磨损试验机和多功能材料表面性能综合测试仪研究了HB550马氏体耐磨钢在10、50 N和90 N载荷下的干滑动摩擦磨损行为和摩擦系数。结果表明，HB550低合金高强耐磨钢组织为回火马氏体，其屈服强度和抗拉强度均值分别为
1521 MPa和1 874 MPa，5 mm厚度试样在−40 ℃的低温冲击吸收功均值为18 J。随着载荷的增加，HB550钢的磨损失重呈先增加后下降趋势，而摩擦系数单调降低。HB550钢在低载荷下的磨损机制主要是磨粒磨损和黏着磨损，在高载荷下的磨损机制以黏着磨损为主，并伴随着氧化磨损。试验为HB550及以上高端耐磨钢的开发和应用提供了理论基础。Abstract: The microstructure and mechanical properties of the newly developed HB550 low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel were studied through optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy, tensile tests, and Vickers hardness tests. Meanwhile, the sliding wear behavior and the friction coefficient of high grade HB550 martensite wear-resistant steel under the loads of 10, 50 N and 90 N were systematically investigated by ML-100C wear testing machine and BMT-I multifunctional material surface performance tester, respectively. The results show that the microstructure of HB550 low-alloy high-strength wear-resistant steel was mainly tempered martensite. The mean yield strength and tensile strength as well as low temperature impact energy at −40 ℃ with 5 mm thickness of this steel were 1521 MPa, 1874 MPa and 18 J, respectively. Moreover, with increasing the load, the wear mass loss of HB550 steel increased first and then decreased, while the friction coefficient decreased monotonously. The wear mechanism of the developed steel grade HB550 under lower loads is mainly abrasive wear and adhesive wear, and the wear mechanism under high loads is mainly adhesive wear accompanied by oxidative wear. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the development and application of high-end wear-resistant steel HB550 and above.-
Key words:
- HB550 steel /
- sliding wear /
- friction coefficient /
- tempered martensite /
- mechanical property
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图 3 HB550钢在干滑动磨损试验中的质量损失
Figure 3. Mass loss of HB550 steel during dry sliding wear test
图 4 HB550钢在不同载荷下磨损表面形貌和(c)图位置1能谱图
Figure 4. The wear surface morphology of HB550 steel under different loads and the energy spectrum at position 1 in figure (c)
图 5 HB550钢在不同载荷下截面形貌
Figure 5. Cross-sectional morphologies of HB550 steel under different loads
图 6 HB550钢在不同载荷下的变形层深度
Figure 6. Deformation layer depth of HB550 steel under different loads
图 7 HB550钢的显微硬度随深度变化分布示意
Figure 7. Microhardness distributions with the depth of HB550 steel
图 8 位移法拟合过程示意
Figure 8. Schematic diagram of the fitting process by displacement method
表 1 试验钢化学成分
Table 1. Chemical composition of the experimental steel
% 钢种 C Si Mn Ti Mo B Fe HB550 0.38 0.36 1.52 0.076 0.33 0.002 余量 
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表 2 HB550钢的力学性能
Table 2. Mechanical properties of HB550 steel
试验钢 抗拉强度/MPa 屈服强度/MPa −40 ℃低温冲击吸收功/J 延伸率/% 布氏硬度 HB550 1874±23 1521 ±1218±2 7±0.2 554±8
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