Study on the effect of TFe on the physicochemical properties of molten vanadium slag
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摘要: 通过旋转柱体法和半球法研究了FeO-SiO2-V2O3-TiO2-MnO-CaO-MgO体系的黏度和熔化特性，探讨了全铁含量（TFe）对钒渣熔体物化性质的影响规律。结合X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）分析，研究了钒渣在高温下的物相析出及其与黏度、熔点之间的关系。结果表明，随着TFe含量的增加，熔渣流动温度降低而黏度升高，且在温度降低时黏度出现明显的转折点。高于转折温度时，TFe变化对熔渣的黏度影响不显著，而低于转折温度时，钒渣的黏度随TFe的增加而显著升高。在提钒温度
1350 ℃下，熔渣析出相主要为高熔点尖晶石相，TFe含量的增加促进了尖晶石相的析出且单颗粒长大的趋势，导致熔体黏度骤增和熔化温度升高。研究结果为调控钒渣的物相组成和优化理化性能提供了理论依据。Abstract: The viscosity and melting characteristics of the FeO-SiO2-V2O3-TiO2- MnO-CaO-MgO system were investigated by rotating column method and hemispherical method, and the influence of total iron content (TFe) on the physicochemical properties of vanadium slag melts was discussed. Combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, the phase precipitation of vanadium slag at high temperatures and its relationship with viscosity and melting point were investigated. The results showed that with the increase of TFe content, the slag flow temperature decreased while the viscosity increased, and there was an obvious transition point of viscosity when temperature decreased. Above this critical temperature, TFe content had negligible effect on the viscosity of the slag, while below the transition temperature, the viscosity of the vanadium slag increased dramatically with the increase in TFe. At the vanadium extraction temperature of1350 ℃, the precipitated phase of the slag was mainly a high melting point spinel phase, and the increase in TFe content promoted the precipitation of the spinel phase and the single particle became larger, resulting in a sudden increase in the viscosity of the melt as well as the melting temperature. The present work would provide a theoretical basis to some extent for optimizing the physical and chemical properties of vanadium slag.-
Key words:
- vanadium slag /
- spinel /
- TFe /
- viscosity /
- melting point
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图 1 熔化温度测定装置
Figure 1. Schematic illustration of apparatus for melting temperature measurement
1-Inlet pipe; 2-Furnace body; 3-Corundum tube; 4-Corundum boat; 5-Molybdenum gasket; 6-Corundum furnace tube; 7-Flange with observation window; 8-Camera; 9-Computer
图 2 黏度测定装置
Figure 2. Schematic illustration of viscosity measurement device
1-Inlet pipe; 2-Furnace body; 3-Corundum furnace tube; 4-Slag to be tested; 5-Molybdenum rotor; 6-Corundum rod; 7-Molybdenum crucible; 8-Viscometer; 9-Computer
图 3 不同TFe含量下熔体的熔化过程
Figure 3. Melting process of vanadium slags with different TFe contents
(a)w(TFe)=34.08%; (b)w(TFe)=29.03%; (c)w(TFe)=22.73%
图 5 不同TFe含量下熔体黏度与温度的关系
(a) $ \mathit{\eta }-\mathit{T} $曲线；(b) $ \mathbf{ln}\mathit{\eta } $-$ {\mathit{T}}^{-1} $关系；(c) 理论黏度
Figure 5. Relationship between viscosity and temperature of melts at different TFe contents
图 6 不同TFe含量钒渣的SEM图及EDS结果
(a) $ w(\text {TFe})=22.73 {\text{%}} $；(b) $ w(\text {TFe})=29.03 {\text{%}} $；(c) $ w(\text {TFe})=34.08 {\text{%}} $；1-尖晶石相；2-硅酸盐相
Figure 6. SEM images and EDS results of vanadium slag with different TFe contents
图 7 $w $（TFe）=22.73%渣样的元素面扫描结果
Figure 7. Elemental maping result of $w $(TFe)=22.73% slag
图 8 TFe含量对物相组成及含量的影响
(a)不同TFe含量渣样的X射线衍射图谱；(b)尖晶石相、硅酸盐相含量和尖晶石粒径与TFe含量之间的关系
Figure 8. The influence of TFe content on phase compositions and content
表 1 渣样的组成
Table 1. Compositions of experimental slags
% FeO SiO2 V2O3 TiO2 MnO CaO MgO TFe 30.20 19.57 15.66 15.66 14.35 2.61 1.96 22.73 37.43 17.54 14.04 14.04 12.87 2.34 1.75 29.03 44.97 15.43 12.34 12.34 11.32 2.06 1.54 34.08 
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表 2 不同TFe含量钒渣黏度-温度曲线拟合结果
Table 2. Fitting results of viscosity-temperature curves for vanadium slags with different TFe contents
w(TFe)/% Tcv/℃ Eη/(kJ·mol−1) lnA/ln(Pa·s) 22.73 1510 118.1 −11.0 29.03 1532 97.3 −9.7 34.08 1548 38.9 −28.9
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