Effect of thermal deformation behavior on manganese sulfide inclusions in hot-rolled 20MnCr5 gear steel bars
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摘要: MnS夹杂物的控制是开发高品质齿轮钢的关键，采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对20MnCr5齿轮钢热轧棒材进行单道次热压缩试验，研究了MnS夹杂物在应变速率1.0 s−1，变形量15%～50%，变形温度900～
1100 ℃条件下热变形过程中的演变行为，同时研究了不同变形量和变形温度对MnS及其复合夹杂物的尺寸、长宽比、相对塑性的影响。结果表明，MnS夹杂物的碎化程度随变形量和变形温度发生周期性变化，在30%变形量时，随着温度升高，MnS夹杂物的相对塑性先减小后增加，由2.31减小到2.01，再增加到3.55；在950 ℃时，随着变形量的增加，MnS夹杂物的相对塑性一直减小，由2.98减小到2.01，再减小到0.94。结合MnS夹杂物的长宽比、尺寸、相对塑性的变化，在30%变形量时，20MnCr5齿轮钢的最佳变形温度为900 ℃，在950 ℃时，20MnCr5齿轮钢的最佳变形量为50%。Abstract: The control of MnS inclusions is the key to the development of high-quality gear steel. In this paper, a Gleeble-3500 thermomechanical simulator was used to carry out single-pass hot compression experiments to investigate the hot deformation behavior of MnS inclusions in 20MnCr5 gear steel hot-rolled bars with a strain rate of 1.0 s-1, deformation strains of 15%~50%, and deformation temperatures of 900~1100 ℃. At the same time, the effects of deformation ratio and deformation temperature on the size, aspect ratio morphology and relative plasticity of MnS and its composite inclusions were systematically studied. The results showed that the fragmentation degree of MnS inclusion changes periodically with deformation ratio and temperature. At 30% deformation ratio, with rising temperature, the relative plasticity of MnS inclusion first decreases from 2.31 to 2.01 and then increases to 3.55. At 950 ℃, with the increase in deformation, the relative plasticity continuously decreases from 2.98 to 2.01, and then to 0.94. Combined with the change in aspect ratio, size, and relative plasticity of MnS inclusions, the optimal deformation temperature of 20MnCr5 gear steel is 900 ℃ at 30% strain, and the optimal deformation ratio is 50% at 950 ℃. -
图 1 20MnCr5热轧棒材取样示意(单位：mm)
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of sampling of 20MnCr5 hot-rolling steel bar
图 2 不同变形参数样品的真应力-应变曲线
(a)30%变形量，不同温度；(b)950 ℃，不同变形量
Figure 2. True stress-strain curves of samples with different deformation parameters
图 4 20MnCr5齿轮钢中不同形态MnS夹杂物的三维形貌和面扫描分析结果
(a)Ⅰ型；(b)Ⅱ型；(c)Ⅲ型
Figure 4. Results of 3D morphology and elemental mapping analysis of MnS inclusions with different morphologies in 20MnCr5 gear steel
图 5 原始棒材S0和30%变形量下不同温度试样中MnS夹杂物的形貌
(a)原始棒材S0; (b) 900 ℃-30%; (c) 950 ℃-30%; (d) 1100 ℃-30%
Figure 5. Morphology of MnS inclusions in original bar S0 and samples at different temperatures under 30% deformation
图 6 30%变形量下不同变形温度MnS夹杂物的平均长宽比和平均尺寸
Figure 6. Average aspect ratio and average size of MnS inclusions at different deformation temperatures with 30% deformation
图 7 30%变形量下不同变形温度试样中MnS夹杂物的平均长宽比百分比
Figure 7. Percentages of average aspect ratios of MnS inclusions at different deformation temperatures with 30% deformation
图 8 950 ℃下不同变形量试样中MnS夹杂物的形貌
Figure 8. Morphologies of MnS inclusions in the samples with different deformation at 950 ℃
(a) 950 ℃-15%; (b) 950 ℃-50%
图 9 950 ℃下不同变形量试样中MnS夹杂物的平均长宽比和平均尺寸
Figure 9. Average aspect ratios and average sizes of MnS inclusions in the samples with different deformation at 950 ℃
图 10 950 ℃下不同变形量试样中MnS夹杂物的平均长宽比百分比
Figure 10. Percentages of average aspect ratios of MnS inclusions in the samples with different deformation at 950 ℃
图 11 不同变形参数样品中MnS夹杂物的相对塑性
(a) 30%变形量时不同温度; (b) 950 ℃时不同变形量
Figure 11. Relative plasticities of MnS inclusions in the samples with different deformation parameters
表 1 20MnCr5试验钢的化学成分
Table 1. Chemical composition of 20MnCr5 experiment steel
% C Si Mn P S Al Cr Ti N O Ca Mg 0.20 0.07 1.24 0.016 0.023 0.036 1.23 0.001 0.0104 0.0010 0.006 0.003 
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表 2 热压缩试验方案
Table 2. Scheme of hot compression experiments
Samples Austenitizing
temperature/℃Austenitizing
time/sHot compression
temperature/℃Deformation/% Cooling rate to
400 ℃/(℃·s−1)Cooling rate to room
temperature/(℃·s−1)S0 0 T1 1200 300 900 30 2 5 T2 1200 300 950 30 2 5 T3 1200 300 1100 30 2 5 D1 1200 300 950 15 2 5 D2 1200 300 950 30 2 5 D3 1200 300 950 50 2 5
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