Effects of cerium and calcium treatment on the inclusions in NM450 steel

GUO Shuhao; LIU Jinrui; GAO Jun; FAN Lifeng; CUI Heng

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.01.022

Volume 46 Issue 1

Feb. 2025

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GUO Shuhao, LIU Jinrui, GAO Jun, FAN Lifeng, CUI Heng. Effects of cerium and calcium treatment on the inclusions in NM450 steel[J]. IRON STEEL VANADIUM TITANIUM, 2025, 46(1): 158-164. doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.01.022

Citation:

GUO Shuhao, LIU Jinrui, GAO Jun, FAN Lifeng, CUI Heng. Effects of cerium and calcium treatment on the inclusions in NM450 steel[J]. IRON STEEL VANADIUM TITANIUM, 2025, 46(1): 158-164. doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.01.022

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Effects of cerium and calcium treatment on the inclusions in NM450 steel

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2025.01.022

GUO Shuhao^1
,,
LIU Jinrui¹,
GAO Jun²,
FAN Lifeng³,
CUI Heng^{1
,
,}

1.
Collaborative Innovation Center of University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
2.
Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Monolia, China
3.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, Inner Monolia, China

Received Date: 2024-01-09
Publish Date: 2025-02-27

Abstract

Abstract

The effects of Ca treatment and Ce treatment on the steel inclusions during the steelmaking process of Ce-contented NM450 steel were studied. The evolution process of inclusions in steel was analyzed by Scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer ( SEM-EDS ) equipped with AZtecFeature automatic inclusion analysis module and Factsage thermodynamic calculation. After 0.0015% Ce treatment, the main inclusions in the molten steel are modified from xCaO·yAl₂O₃ into complex inclusions such as low melting point xCaO·yAl₂O₃·zCe₂O₃, CeAlO₃+xCaO·yAl₂O₃, CeAlO₃+xCaO·yAl₂O₃+CaS and low melting point xCaO·yAl₂O₃·zCe₂O₃ +CaS. About 53% of the inclusions in the steel were removed after Ce treatment for 20 minutes. [Ce] diffuses into xCaO·yAl₂O₃ to form low melting point xCaO·yAl₂O₃·zCe₂O₃ inclusions in the molten steel. xCaO · yAl₂O₃ in the molten steel reacts with [Ce] to produce CeAlO₃, which in turn generates CeAlO₃+xCaO · yAl₂O₃ inclusions. After the secondary Ca treatment, the Ce inclusion species did not change. Although some of the inclusions were converted into liquid inclusions, the overall number of inclusions increased, and CaS became the dominant inclusion. It indicates that there is a problem of excessive calcium treatment in the current Ce treatment combined with double Ca refining treatment processes.
- non-metallic inclusions,
- Ce treatment,
- Ca treatment,
- NM450 steel,
- inclusion modification

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References(23)

References

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