Numerical Simulation of Death Zones in Bath under Impact of Variable Angle Oxygen Lances

Based on technological conditions of 50 t converter melting at Tangshan Iron&Steel corp.,the numerical simulation of two-phase flow between oxygen gas jet and liquid steel in the bath has been car-ried out by Fluent software where the flow field of liquid steel in the bath impacted by the oxygen gas jet sprayed by the variable angle oxygen lances and non-variable angle lance,and the influence of lance lev-el and the inclining angle on the proportion of death zones have been analyzed for the purpose of providing theoretical base for optimization of the oxygen lance configuration.It was found that the flow field of the bath impacted by the gas jet sprayed from the variable angle oxygen lance was more homogeneous than that by the non-variable angle oxygen lances.Death zones occurred at the bottom of the molten bath.The proportion of death zones increased with the increase of the lance level.Except for lance F,the propor-tions of death zones impacted by variable angle oxygen lance were lower than that by non-variable oxygen lance at the same lance level.Compared with the differential value 0.5° between the opposite inclining angle,variable angle oxygen lance with the differential value 1.0° led to lower proportions of death zones in the molten bath Moreover,among the 9 sprayers investigated in this paper,the proportion of death zones impacted by the sprayer D with the inclining angle 11° and 12° is the lowest.