Market Analysis of Vanadium and Progress on Technologies of Vanadium Extraction from Stone Coal

Vanadium production of China ranks the first in the world,and the market prospect will be more optimistic due to the rising price of vanadium in recent years,which will be expected to greatly promote the development for the industry of vanadium extraction from stone coal.As a kind of advantageous vanadium resource in China,stone coal has not been fully exploited and utilized,and the researches and developments of advanced technologies are needed to provide support for this industry.In view of the shortcomings of the traditional vanadium extraction processes,the advanced processes for extracting vanadium from stone coal were analyzed and summarized.Calcification roasting can achieve green production,while the disadvantage is poor selectivity;Blank roasting has the lowest pollution and production cost,but it has high acid consumption,long leaching time and high impurity content in leaching solution;Direct acid leaching has the advantages of low energy consumption,low pollution,and high leaching index,unfortunately,the consumption of sulphuric acid is too large,and it has the disadvantages of long leaching time and high requirement for corrosion resistance of equipment;Low-temperature sulfation roasting has the advantages of low energy consumption,low pollution and high efficiency,but the technology is still immature.Other advanced processes（such as ultrasonic and microwave technology,circulating fluidization process,microbial treatment technology,etc.） are limited by the development level of technology and equipment,so there is still a long way before their industrial application.