Prediction of primary carbide size in high carbon chromium bearing steel

Feng Qian; Zeng Yanan; Li Junguo; Wang Yitong; Wang Yajun; Tang Guozhang

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.06.028

Volume 44 Issue 6

Dec. 2023

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Feng Qian, Zeng Yanan, Li Junguo, Wang Yitong, Wang Yajun, Tang Guozhang. Prediction of primary carbide size in high carbon chromium bearing steel[J]. IRON STEEL VANADIUM TITANIUM, 2023, 44(6): 198-204. doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.06.028

Citation:

Feng Qian, Zeng Yanan, Li Junguo, Wang Yitong, Wang Yajun, Tang Guozhang. Prediction of primary carbide size in high carbon chromium bearing steel[J]. IRON STEEL VANADIUM TITANIUM, 2023, 44(6): 198-204. doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.06.028

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Prediction of primary carbide size in high carbon chromium bearing steel

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2023.06.028

School of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei , China

Received Date: 2022-11-07
Available Online: 2024-01-11
Publish Date: 2023-12-30

Abstract

Abstract

A Thermo-Calc thermodynamic calculation software was used to conduct thermodynamic analysis on the phase transformation, primary carbide phase type, and primary carbide precipitation temperature during solidification process of bearing steel. Based on both Scheil segregation model and Goto model, the size of primary carbide particles during solidification process of bearing steel was predicted, and the predicted results were experimentally verified through thermal simulation tests and quantitative analysis of carbide microscopic morphology. The results show that primary carbides during solidification process of bearing steel are (Fe, Cr) C carbides and its precipitation temperature is 1158 ℃. The precipitation behavior is mainly caused by the segregation of C and Cr in the residual liquid phase at the end of solidification. When the solid phase ratio is 0.92, the mass fraction of C in the residual liquid phase reaches 4.12%; The mass fraction of Cr element in the residual liquid phase reached 2.59%, and the size of primary carbides reached 8.2 μm. In addition, the precipitation temperature of primary carbides and the size of primary carbides can be increased with the increase of solute C in molten steel. However, the size of primary carbides during solidification is mainly determined by the cooling rate. When the cooling rate is increased from 0.2 ℃/s to 3 ℃/s, the maximum size of primary carbides increases from 19.25 μm reduced to 5.02 μm. The influence mechanism is that increasing cooling rate will reduce the diffusion rate of atoms near the interfaces of primary carbide crystal, which will hinder the anisotropic growth of carbide crystal interfaces, and ultimately lead to decreasing primary carbide size.
- bearing steel,
- primary carbides,
- goto model,
- growth behavior,
- cooling rate,
- solute element,
- dynamics

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References(24)

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