VAR电磁搅拌工艺对熔体流动影响的模拟研究

黄立清; 樊凯; 郭杰; 李超; 李俊杰; 王锦程

doi:10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2024.01.010

VAR电磁搅拌工艺对熔体流动影响的模拟研究

doi: 10.7513/j.issn.1004-7638.2024.01.010

黄立清^{1, 2,},
樊凯^2, ,,
郭杰¹,
李超²,
李俊杰¹,
王锦程¹

1.
西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室, 陕西西安 710072
2.
湖南湘投金天钛业科技股份有限公司, 湖南省高端装备特种钛合金工程技术研究中心, 湖南常德 415001

基金项目: 博士后国际交流计划项目（YJ20210408）。

详细信息

作者简介:
黄立清，1989年出生，男，湖南常德人，博士，长期从事钛合金熔炼与加工研究工作，E-mail: liqnghuang2017@163.com

通讯作者:
樊凯，1982年出生，男，陕西富平人，博士，正高级工程师，长期从事钛合金熔炼与加工研究工作，E-mail: fk@xtjtty.com

中图分类号: TF823,TF806.6
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-08
- 刊出日期: 2024-02-01

Simulation study on the effect of VAR magnetic stirring process on the melt flow

Huang Liqing^{1, 2
,},
Fan Kai^{2
, ,},
Guo Jie¹,
Li Chao²,
Li Junjie¹,
Wang Jincheng¹

1.
State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, Shaanxi, China
2.
Hunan Xiangtou Goldsky Titanium Industry Technology Co., Ltd., Changde 415001, Hunan, China

摘要

摘要: 真空自耗电弧熔炼中熔体的流动行为影响铸锭的凝固特性。熔体运动直接观测困难，因此通过模拟揭示熔体的流动行为非常关键。采用自主开发的三维模拟模型，研究了不同搅拌工艺参数下，熔炼过程中熔体的流动行为及熔池形貌。研究表明，随着搅拌电流从0.01 A逐步增加到25 A（搅拌周期为8 s），熔体旋转速度从0.0001 m/s近似线性增加到0.212 m/s，熔池逐渐宽化（由V形变成U形），熔池最大深度和熔池体积均存在一个明显的先下降后上升的过程。而随着搅拌周期从1 s逐步增加到24 s（搅拌电流为5 A），熔体旋转速度从0.0125 m/s快速增加到一个较大值（16 s时为0.0818 m/s）后趋于稳定，熔池逐渐宽化，熔池最大深度逐渐降低到一个最低值后趋于稳定。搅拌电流和搅拌周期均影响熔体的旋转及平面运动，但两者的影响机理存在一定的差异。
- 钛合金 /
- 真空自耗电弧熔炼 /
- 搅拌电磁场 /
- 熔体运动
Abstract: The flow behavior of melt in vacuum consumable arc melting affects the solidification characteristics of ingots. Direct observation of the melt motion is difficult, so revealing the flow behavior of the melt by simulation is crucial. In this paper, a self-developed three-dimensional simulation model was used to study the melt flow behavior and pool morphology during the melting process under different stirring process parameters. The research shows that with an increase in the stirring current from 0.01 A to 25 A (under a stirring period of 8 s), the rotational speed of the melt increases near-linearly from 0.0001 m/s to 0.212 m/s, and the molten pool gradually widens (from V-shaped to U-shaped). In the meanwhile, there is an obvious process of first decreasing and then increasing in the maximum depth and volume of the molten pool. As the stirring period increases from 1 s to 24 s (under a stirring current of 5 A), the rotational speed of the melt gradually increases from 0.0125 m/s to a high value (0.0818 m/s at 16 s) and then tends to stabilize. The molten pool gradually widens, and the maximum depth of the molten pool gradually decreases to a minimum value and then tends to stabilize. The stirring current and stirring period can affect the rotation and planar motion of the melt, but their affecting mechanisms are different.
- titanium alloy /
- vacuum arc remelting /
- stirring magnetic field /
- molten flow

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图 1 5 A-8 s搅拌参数下熔池中的竖直平面流场（a）、旋转电磁力（b）及旋转流场（c）

Figure 1. Molten pool with 5 A-8 s stirring parameters: vertical plane flow field (a), stirring magnetic force (b), and swirling flow field (c)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 两个搅拌周期内搅拌电磁力和熔体最大旋转速度的变化

Figure 2. Swirling magnetic force and maximum molten swirling velocity during two periods

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同搅拌电流及周期8 s下旋转流速与竖直平面流速

Figure 3. The swirling velocity and vertical plane flow velocity of molten pool under different stirring current with a period of 8 s

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同搅拌电流及周期8 s下熔池深度与熔池体积

Figure 4. The pool depth and pool volume of molten pool under different stirring current with a period of 8 s

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同搅拌电流及周期8 s下竖直平面流场局部

Figure 5. The local vertical plane flow map of molten pool under different stirring current with a period of 8 s

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同搅拌周期及5 A搅拌电流下的竖直平面流速与旋转流速

Figure 6. The swirling velocity and vertical plane flow velocity of molten pool under different stirring periods with a current of 5 A

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 不同搅拌周期及5 A搅拌电流下的熔池深度与熔池体积

Figure 7. The pool depth and pool volume of molten pool under different stirring periods with a current of 5 A

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 不同搅拌周期及5 A搅拌电流下的竖直平面流场局部

Figure 8. The local vertical plane flow map of molten pool under different stirring periods with a current of 5 A

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 计算模型采用的物性参数^[16]

Table 1. Physical parameters of the computational model

密度 /(kg·m⁻³)	扩散系数/(m²·s⁻¹)	熔化潜热/(J·kg⁻¹)	Cr分配系数	液相线斜率 /(K·%⁻¹)	溶质膨胀系数 /%⁻¹
4170	4.0×10⁻⁹	3.77×10⁵	0.75	−2.0	−0.35

比热容 /(J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹)	热导率/(W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹)	热膨胀系数 /K⁻¹	液相黏度/(kg·m⁻¹·s⁻¹)	电导率/(S·m⁻¹)	磁导率/(H·m⁻¹)
975	32.7	6.5×10⁻⁵	3.1×10⁻³	1.0×10⁶	1.26×10⁻⁶

下载: 导出CSV

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